14 YEARS OF EXPERIENCE WITH DWARF Gai 
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We began collecting dwarfing rootetock material’ in 1941, Our 
Malling series of stocks came directly from the Geneva, N, ¥, Experi- 
ment Station and the Clark Dwarf fromthe Iowa Experiment Station, 
During th yeara from 1941 tg the present, we have been propagating 
and building up our supply and producing tudded trees for oroardiste, 
Qur first dwarf trees were planted in the orchard in 1946, 
The following observations and comments are offered 4n response 
to inquiries regarding our experiences with this type of tree, 
EFFECT OF ROOTSTOCK ON SIZe OF MATURS TREES 
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AND SUGGaSTaD) PLANTING DISTANCES 
Size in Feet Rootstock Planting Distances 
Standard Rootst ock 
Malling XII 
Malling XVI 
Malling J 
Malling II. 
Malling XIII 
Malling VII 
Clark Dwarf 
Malling Ix 
FACTORS OTHSR THAN ROOTSTOCK AFFIOTING 3122 OF MATURZ TREES 
| (1) seton Varisty — On any given rootstock weaker-growing varieties 
Buch as Rome and Golden Delicious make a smaller tree at any age than 
vigorous varieties such as Spy and Summer Rambo, Ve have a small block 
of trees on IX planted in the Spring of 1949, The Golden Delicious are 
new only 5 to 6 ft, tall and have borne apples every year since plant— 
ing, On the other hand the Redsumyo (Double-Red Sumner Rambo) are 
nearly 10 ft, tall, Even though the IX rootstock has greatly dwarfed 
both varieties and encouraged early- oearing, the vigorous scion-variety 
4g larger at 6 yrs, than the earlier-bearing, slower-growing one, In 
Qur plantings, we have tried to mateh the variety to the stock to pro- 
dfice the desired size tree, 
(2) Joil - Any rootstock will grow a smaller tree on light, sandy soil 
than on heavy, rich soils, Thus, VII rootstoek on rich soil may po 
Guce approximately the same size tree as I, Il, or XIII on lighter, 
poorer soil, 
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