GASTEROPODA. . 85 
partaking, however, of a portion of the characters of the three Crag species, carinatus yet 
differs from all of them. 4. striatus is finely striated, without carinee ; 4. swpranctidus is 
smooth, with one to three sharp carine, and coarsely striated within the umbilicus; and 
A. tricarinatus has three very elevated caring, with striations between them. ‘These are 
the characteristics of the three Crag species, but 4. carinatus from the Oligocene has 
three carine, of which two are more conspicuous than the third, and all are less elevated 
than in ¢ricarinatus, while the recent A. Duminyi is described as having eight to ten 
sharp and narrow striz on the upper part of the whorl, the lowest of which, being more 
prominent, forms one faint carina. 4. ¢ricarinatus is certainly nearer to the Oligocene 
species than to‘ any other, but yet is, I think, distinct, the carine bemg so much more 
elevated. We have here five different forms, and I see no reason for not retainmg my 
three Crag species under the names I gave them. Dr. Speyer unites Philippi’s duis 
with carinatus. 
Sonarium vacum, 8. Wood. Supplement, Tab. VII, fig. 29, a, 0. 
Locality. Red Crag, Waldringfield. 
Diameter, 4 an inch. 
The figure above referred to represents another shell seut to me by Mr. Canham from 
the nodule workings at Waldringfield. 
This I have placed in the genus Solarium, as it seems best entitled to that position, 
though somewhat of an aberrant character. Iam unable to refer it specifically to any- 
thing known to me. The specimen is rubbed and worn, but it was probably, when 
perfect, nearly, or perhaps quite, smooth on the upper surface, with an obsolete ridge 
around or above the periphery ; the under side has a moderate-sized umbilicus, edged 
with a sharp crenated, or rather nodulous, margin, like that of many species in this 
genus; its nearest resemblance is Solarium simplex, Bronn, but that species has only one 
ridge on the under side around the umbilicus, while upon our shell there are three or four 
spiral strie. The present shell is the only representative of the genus Solarium that I 
know of from the Upper Tertiaries of England, and I suspect that it is derived from some 
older formation, for which reason I propose the name vagum. ‘The shell spoken of as 
Solarium pseudo-perspectivum, from the mud deposit at Selsea,* ‘ Geol. Mag.,’ vol. vi, p. 41, 
on which the name was founded, is a specimen of Bifrontia Laudinensis, washed into this 
mud bed from the Eocene formation beneath, where specimens of that species are abundant. 
The genus Phorus is given by Philippi as fossil at Palermo, which deposit seems to 
belong to the Upper Tertiaries, but I have not seen this genus as fossil from beds newer 
than the Eocene in England. Mr. Whincopp showed me the cast of a species belonging 
1 This specimen is in the collection of Dr. Reed, of York. 
