193 =Jaw and Lingual Dentition of Pulmonata. 
tion as species of Partulina and Achatinella, by no means of Par- 
tula in which A. auricula is placed by v. Martens. Gulick adopts 
Frickella, Pfeiffer, as a section of this s. gen. 
B. Terrestrial Genera. 
8. Carelia, H. & A. Adams. 
Type C. adusta, Gould. 
V. Martens places C. adusta (as syn. of bicolor, Jay) in Carelia, s. 
gen. of Achatina. Pfeiffer includes species of Carelia in Spiraxis, 
CoB AG: 
9. Amastra, H. & A. Adams. 
Type A. magna, C. B. Ad. 
This embraces species placed both in Laminella and Leptachatina by 
v. Martens. His type, A. turritella, Fér., of Leptachatina, is in 
Amastra of Gulick. 
10. Leptachatina, Gould. 
Type ZL. acuminata, Gould. 
Gulick includes section Zabiella, Pfr., treated by v. Mart. and 
Pfeiffer, as a Separate s. genus. 
In explanation of Gulick’s views I add the following ex- 
tract from a letter addressed to me by him, dated China, 
April 11, 1874. 
‘It appears from the teeth, that Pfeiffer was right in putting Awriculella 
with the Achatelline. Iam sorry that when last in the Sandwich Islands, 
I did not succeed in getting any specimens of Carelia or Newcombia for 
examination. The latter is undoubtedly allied to Partulina, the former 
is more nearly allied to Amasétra, but the form is so different, it would be 
very interesting to know about the teeth.* 
Achatinella, Bulimella and Apex are evidently closely allied, but any 
classification which, like Pfeiffer’s, recognizes the difference between the 
first two should also recognize the last, which is quite as distinct. 
Achatinelia and Bulimella are completely graded together by the varie- 
ties of A. casta and A. oviformis, Newe. and of B. Sowerbyana, Pfr. 
Under the name Laminella I group only a few species, viz., L. gravida, 
straminea and sanguinea on Oahu, citrina and venusta on Molokai, tetrao on 
Lanai, bulbosa on KE. Maui, and picta on W. Maui; these are all arboreal 
in their habits and sinistral in form, while the numerous species of Amas- 
tra are, with but rare exceptions, confined to the ground and dextral in 
form. A. soror and A. acuta are the only sinistral species that I now re- 
member. Of most of the species, sinistral specimens have never been 
seen.” 
* TI am disinclined to adopt the views of Pfeiffer and vy. Martens, that Carelia be- 
longs either to Achatina or Spiraxis. 
