_— ANTHOCHAIRA INAURIS. 
Wattled Honey-eater. 
Anthochera carunculata, Vig. and Horsf. in Linn. Trans., vol. xv. p. $21.—Gould, Syn. Birds of Australia, Part 1. 
Creadion carunculatus, Vieill. Gal des Ois., tom. i. pl. 94. 
Wattle Bird of the Colonists of Van Diemen’s Land. 
By nearly every author who has had occasion to mention or refer to this species, it has been confounded 
with the bird originally deseribed by Latham under the name of Merops carunculatus, which bird is strictly 
confined to New South Wales and South Australia, while that here figured is I believe exclusively an inha- 
bitant of Van Diemen’s Land; henee it becomes necessary to give the latter a new specific appellation, and I 
have selected that of énzuris as indicative of the peculiar feature by which it ts distinguished, namely the 
great length of the pendulous ear-drops, The vast primeval forests of Huvcalypii clothing the greater portion 
of Van Diemen's Land, whose recesses in many parts have never yet been trodden, afford it an asylum 
not only where food is abundant, but where it is safe from the attack of man; from these retreats liowever 
it frequently emerges, and visits the flowering Eucalypti of the more open forest in the Upper Derwent 
districts, where forty or fifty individuals may be frequently seen on a single tree. Even in the yiemity of 
Hobart Town and the islands of South Arm and Bruni it may be observed, but in far less numbers, at all 
seasons of the year. The neighbourhood of the Macquarrie Plains is a locality particularly favourable to this 
bird, where hundreds are annually shot and sent to the markets of Hobart Town for the purposes of the table. 
It exhibits but little shyness of disposition, and almost any number may be obtamed without much trouble. 
It is highly prized as an article of food, and in winter becomes so excessively fat as to exceed in this respect 
any bird I ever saw, the entire body and neck, both internally and externally, being completely enveloped. I 
have been informed that a large tea-cupful of oil may be procured from two of these birds, and that as it 
giyes a better light, it is sometimes used in lien of candles ; after the breeding-season it becomes thin and 
spare, the male then weighing on an average only six ounces, This bird feeds almost exclusively on honey 
and the pollen of the Lucalypti; the ouly other food detected in its very diminutive stomach being the 
remains of coleopterous insects. Its whole structure is admirably adapted for procuring this kind of food ; 
its long tongue, with its brash-like tip, being protruded at will into the honey-cups of the newly opened 
flowers, a succession of which appears with every rising sun throughout the year, upon one or other of 
the numerous species of Evealypti. 
The same restless disposition appears to be common to all the tribe of Honey-eaters, and this bird is as 
active and quick in its movements as the smallest of the genus, hanging and clinging to the branches in 
every possible yariety of position ; and when thirty or forty are seen on a single tree, they present avery 
animated appearance. — Its flight, which seldom extends farther than from tree to tree, is very similar to 
that of the Magpie of Europe. Its note is a harsh and disagreeable scream, resembling in loudness and 
Pheasant: hy some persons it has been compared to the sound produced 
Both sexes have the wattled appendages beneath the ear, but they are 
somewhat in tone the call of the 
by the retching or vomiting of man. 
less developed in the female, whose size is also smaller than that of her mate, h age . 
Although I found several of the nests of this species in various parts of the colony, I failed in procuring 
: The nests were moderately large cup-shaped structures, 
the eggs, which are still desiderata to my cabinet. 
‘i ool, and were usually built on some low tree, such as 
formed of fine twigs and grasses intermingled with w 
the Casuarina or Acacia. 
Crown of the head and back of the neck stripe 
black, and its external edges grey ; back and shoulde brow 
wings deep blackish brown, the external margins of the primaries sl eee an 
fringed with grey; tips of all the primaries white ; tail much graduated; the upper tail-coverts and two 
; tee : IE yet . i with white; chin and under tail- 
middle tail-feathers grey, the remainder blackish brown, and the whole tipped with tes Aan 
s crey, each feather having a central mark of blackish brown, which 
d with black and grey, the centre of each feather being 
rs dusky brown, the shaft of each feather buffy white ; 
ightly, and the secondaries broadly 
coverts white; throat, breast and flank ; 
art of the breast; centre of the abdomen rich yellow ; bill black; corner 
dark brownish black; feet light flesh-colour; claws black; bare skin 
ndulous wattle which hangs from below the ear white, 
is much enlarged on the lower p 
of the mouth yellow ; irides very 
round the ear, and the upper part of the long pe 
gradually deepening into rich orange at its extremity. 
The Plate represents the two sexes of the natural size, 
