xLviii INTRODUCTION. 
est, the third, fifth, sixth and seventh equal; tail rather short and round ; farsi 
short, round, the fourth quill the long 
hind-toe rather long, with a long claw; lateral toes 
moderately long, defended anteriorly with indistinct scales ; 
uneven, the outer one the shortest. 
This group comprises two species, one inhabit 
but occasionally perch on the smaller branches of the trees. 
ing Van Diemen’s Land, the other Southern and Western Au- 
stralia; they are terrestrial in their habits, 
; Vol. IIL PL. 70. 
Vol. IIL Pl. 71. 
923, Calamanthus fuliginosus 
2924, Calamanthus campestris, Gould 
Genus Curnontcora, Gould. 
Generic characters. 
Bill short, gradually descending fro 
laterally ; tomia curving inwards ; wings concave 5 
nearly equal and the longest ; tail slightly concaye, and all the feathers of an equal length; ¢arsi moderately long ; 
foes short, the hinder toe somewhat longer than the middle one; front claws more curved than in the genus Anthus. 
The single species known of this genus combines in a remarkable manner the outward appearance, habits and 
manners of the Acanthize and Anthi, but is, I believe, more nearly allied to the former than to the latter. 
m the base; the upper mandible slightly notched at the tip, compressed 
the first primary very short, the third, fourth, fifth and sixth 
995, Chthonicola minima ' . Vol, III. Pl. 72. 
Sylvia sagittata, Lath. Gen, Hist. vol. vii. p. 136? 
Rather widely dispersed over the grassy flats of New South Wales, and constructs a domed nest in a depression” 
of the ground like the true Sylvie. 
Subfamily MOTACILLINA, Bonap. 
Genus Antuus, Bechst. 
Whether this Old World form is represented in Australia by more than a single species, is a point I have not 
satisfactorily determined; every part of its extra-tropical regions, including Van Diemen’s Land, is inhabited by 
Pipits which differ somewhat in size in almost every colony; still their difference is so slight that I have hitherto 
regarded them as mere varieties or local races. 
226. Anthus Australis, Vig. & Horsf. : : : - : } ; Vol. 111. Pl. 73. 
Subfamily —— ? 
Genus Crxctonampuus, Gould. 
Bill rather shorter than the head; cu/men slightly arched; the tip distinctly notched ; the commissure slightly 
angulated at the base, and somewhat incurved for the remainder of its length; nostrils lateral, oval; wings moderate, 
rigid, first quill very long and nearly equal to the second and third, which are the longest ; tertials nearly as long 
as the primaries; fail rather small and cuneiform; tarsi very strong and scutellated anteriorly ; toes long and 
powerful, particularly the hinder one and claw, which is articulated on the same plane with the inner toe ; lateral 
toes nearly equal. 
The members of this genus, which are three in number, are closely allied to the Indian genus Megalurus, and 
present even a greater disparity in the size of the sexes; they are all confined to Australia, where they frequent 
the grassy plains and open districts. The song of the males is more animated than that of any other bird inha- 
biting the country. 
227. Cincloramphus cruralis .  . , ae) ia Vol. III. Pl. 74 
228. Cincloramphus cantillans, Gould ; . . - x Vol. IIL. Pl 75. 
229. Cincloramphus rufescens, Gould — . : . . . , : : Vol. III. PL 76. 
