‘34 University of Kansas Geological Survey. 
water in times of flood into a broad flat area called the Basin. This 
basin in reality in dry times seems to be only a broad flat part of 
the country with no special boundaries that one would notice, ex- 
cepting when it is covered with water. 
There are a few smaller streams lying between the White Woman 
and the Arkansas, most of which are locally known as Sand creek. 
They occupy the uplands in the north of Kearney and Hamilton 
counties, one of which rises across in Greeley county. They are 
similar to the White Woman in that they have no connection with 
other streams, but simply pour their water in times of flood out 
upon the broad plains of northern Finney and northeastern Kearney 
counties. 
Walnut Creek. 
Walnut creek is a stream rising in Lane county near Dighton 
and flowing east through Ness and Rush counties and entering the 
Arkansas river three or four miles below Great Bend. It drains a 
strip of country about twenty five miles wide through nearly all 
this distance. It rises in the Tertiary area of Lane county, but 
soon reaches the Niobrara chalk beds in Ness county, into which it 
and its tributaries cut deep channels. Farther down in Rush 
county it passes over the Benton, and finally reaches the Dakota 
in Barton. 
One of the most remarkable features of the Walnut is its sur- 
prisingly wide valley. Throughout all its course from the eastern 
part of Ness county it has a valley that will average nearly as wide 
as that of the Arkansas. The bluff lines on either side are exceed- 
ingly varied, depending upon the character of the material into 
which the valley is cut. Eastward in the Dakota area the bluff 
lines are rounded and relatively mild. In fact, the valleys of the 
Walnut and Arkansas coalesce several miles above Great Bend, so 
that throughout at least ten or more miles of its course the Walnut 
has no bluff lines, but simply follows its little channel through the 
general valley to its confluence with the larger stream. In Rush 
county and eastern Ness county where the Benton material is ex- 
posed along the bluffs the valley is limited by the relatively high 
and abrupt bluffs. Frequently they will reach the hight of from 
75 to 100 feet in the western part of Ness county and the eastern 
