98 University of Kansas Geological Survey. 
crimson, scarlet, pink, orange, lemon-yellow, and white: these and 
many intermediate shades may be seen, in brightest contrast and 
most delicate blendings. Streaked and interstreaked in a tortuous 
manner, clouded and blended, blotched and blurred, the dispositions 
of the colors are as endless as their shades. * * * In the upper 
portions of these hills remains of large fossil turtles are reported. I 
succeeded in securing only some fragments; insufficient to determine 
whether they are to be referred to the Niobrara or the Tertiary, but 
sufficient to verify the truth of the reports. I have no positive 
evidence of the Niobrara here as yet, but I am inclined to think it 
here, and that it would be found to begin shortly above the horizon of 
the Black Hill shale.”! In this paper we have the first mention of a 
section which has been so well described in the later papers of 
Professor Cragin. Tle various colored sandstone above the Red- 
Beds is that formation which is now known as the Cheyenne; the 
black shales of the Black Hill southwest of Sun City belong in the 
Kiowa shales of Cragin; while the tops of the hills are capped by 
Tertiary. | 
The following year Professor Cragin modified the above corre- 
lation, concluding that “The variegated sandstone * * *  prob- 
ably marks the upper limit of the Dakota, and the overlying dark 
shales, from which the ‘Black Hill’ takes its name, the base of the 
Benton. 
“The large turtles mentioned in the same article are probably 
Tertiary, occuring only upon the very highest hills fifteen to forty 
miles north and west of Medicine Lodge.’ 
St. John and Hay, 1887.—Professor St. John ,;published his 
“Notes on the Geology of Southwestern Kansas” in 1887, in which 
he stated that “Only the Dakota and Niobrara members [Cretaceous] 
have been with certainty identified in this southwest region.” He 
described the Dakota formation as consisting in ‘the lower portions 
“of soft white-and-yellow stained sandstone, in places obliquely 
laminated, with hard, indurated layers, the weathering of which pro- 
duces monumental forms, recalling those which the elements have 
fashioned in the Tertiary sandstones on Monument creek in Colo- 
il) I sykok, fo, Bo); 
2 Ibid., vol. I, 1886, p. 166. 
