104 University of Kansas Geological Survey. 
westerly from the valley of the Arkansas river across Stafford, 
Pratt, Barber, Comanche and Clark counties. This paper discusses: 
the different geological formations of Kansas, which are arranged in 
tabular form on page 101. In his description of the Cretaceous, 
the Trinity sands and Comanche Peak beds are described as the 
two lowest formations of this system as follows: “In the northwest 
corner of Barber county, in a ravine on the south side of Medicine 
river, is an outcrop of beds, the bottoms of which rest on an eroded 
surface of Red-Beds something over 100 feet above the great gypsum 
horizon. ‘The whole is not more than 25 or 30 feet of vertical ex- 
posure!, * * * when I first saw these, I was inclined to syn- 
chronize them with the Cretaceous beds (Dakota and Benton) which 
were known to exist on the south of the Arkansas river further west. 
Professor St. John, however, who saw the beds in the region further 
south, pointed out the resemblance of the fauna of the shell bed to 
Texas Cretaceous forms, and afterwards others have worked out the 
stratigraphy of the beds up the valley of the Medicine and some of 
its tributaries and made collections of paleontological remains. 
Professor R. T. Hill, of Texas, has also seen fossils belonging to these 
beds, and there seems now no doubt that they belong to lower 
horizons than the Kansas Dakota. There is no reason why the Texan 
names given to the beds—Trinity for the lower, fine-grained sand- 
stones, and Comanche Peak for the upper strata—should not be per- 
manent, but some of the paleontologists still differ as to whether 
certain of the shells are lower Cretaceous or of the Jurassic type. 
In the table I have placed them as lower Cretaceous. They do not 
seem to have large areal development, but they thicken to the west. 
The rocks are well shown in the upper Medicine valley, on Thompson 
creek and in the Land creek ravines to the southwest, but the ‘plains 
marl’ and quaternary formations hide their extensions under the 
body of the high prairie.” A good picture of the Osage rock, 
Cheyenne sandstone on Medicine Lodge river above Belvidere ap- 
pears in this report.® 
Cragin and McGee, 1894.—In this year appeared Professor Cragin’s 
1 The thickness of Trinity sands and Comanche Peak beds is given as 175 feet 
each in the table of the rocks of Kansas. See p. 101. 
2 Ibid., pp. 108, 109. 
3 Ibid., p. 109. 
