WILLISTON. | The Pleistocene of Kansas. 307 
Fork and Equus beds in western Nebraska, and stated that Marsh 
had confounded them and confounded the fossils which he had 
described from them, which seems not at all unlikely in view of the 
bit of ancient history he has given us in the Amer. Jour. Science 
for December of 1896, in his scheme of the nomenclature and charac- 
teristic fossils of the later Neozoic epochs. 
Since the Loup Fork is Miocene or early Pliocene and the Equus 
beds clearly late Pleistocene, it is quite certain that there must have 
been a considerable interval between them, which in Texas is repre- 
sented by both the Blanco and Goodnight beds. The Goodnight 
beds exist in Kansas, and I confidently believe that the Blanco will 
be found also. 
In conciusion because of its pertinency to the present subject, 
I will quote from a paper of Cope’s in the American Naturalist for 
1895, p. 598: 
“The Equus beds are found covering areas of various extent 
in Oregon, Nevada, California, the Staked Plains, southern Texas, 
Chihuahua, the valley of Mexico. Their most eastern station is 
western Nebraska. Thev contain a fauna which includes one ex- 
tinet species of the Megalonyx beds (Equus major Dek.) and the 
recent Castor fiber. They contain the extinct genus of sloths, 
Mylodon, of a species different from that of the east, and four species 
of camels of the genus Holomeniscus, and a peccary. Recent 
species of Canis and Thomomys occur, while two extinct horses 
(Equus occidentalis and K. tau) are common. The hairy elephant, 
K. primigenius, is abundant, while Mastodon americanus is rare, 
if occurring at all. The proportion of recent to extinct species and 
genera in the Equus beds is very similar to that occurring in the 
Megalonyx fauna, while they differ as to details. This fauna has 
also disappeared from the continent, a few species, as in the east, 
surviving to a later date. Was its disappearance due to a sub- 
mergence, as in the east?” 
That there was any submergence of the western plains during the 
Chainplain epoch [ can not believe: possible. 
His Megalonyx fauna of the east “includes the extinct genera of 
mammalia, Platygonus, Smilodon, Megalonyx, Mylodon, Mastodon, 
