90) [May, 
imprints of the second and third pair of claws, which indicate, evidently, that 
the parcels of mud, once brought to the surface in the manner just stated, are ar- 
ranged and fixed in their definitive place by means of these organs. 
When the work has thus been carried on towards completion, the last touch 
consists in shutting up the aperture. This is accomplished by means of several 
balls of mud, brought up from underneath, deposited temporarily on the edge of 
the chimney and drawn back in close contiguity, so as to intercept all commu- 
nication with the external world. 
The number of such chimneys is sometimes very great in one particular lo- 
eality, distributed without any geometrical regularity, and recalling to mind the 
scattered habitations or village of a newly settled colony. 
Whether C. diogenes is to be found in other places besides the meadows, 
we are not prepared to state definitively. We have seen localities where the 
holes could be traced from the edge of the rivulets to the middle of the 
meadows, still, there being no subterraneous communication from one burrow to 
the other, the animal, at any rate, would have to crawl out of the water and 
walk over land. Colonies of burrowing crawfish are found, we are told, in the 
interior of lands, far away from any rivulets or waters, a circumstance which 
would lead to the supposition that these at least pass their entire life in such 
localities instead of spending one season in the waters and another in dry lands. 
For, one fact must be very apparent, the existence of several species of craw- 
fishes with burrowing habits, even in the hypothesis of an identity between 
C. fossor and C. diogenes. For we learn from Mr. T. R. Peale, of Washington, 
that chimneys of mud, in all points similar to those just described, were ob- 
served by him in New Grenada, along the Rio Magdalena, several hundred miles 
from the sea shore, and consequently indicating the presence there of a species 
of crawfish which we do not hesitate in pronouncing distinct from C. diogenes. 
It remains now to ascertain how many such there are, and whether some of 
them are not to be found both in the running waters of the rivulets and in the 
meadows. 3 
12. CampBarus Loncuius, Girard.—Rostrum of the same proportional length 
asin C. diogenes, but it is narrower and slightly concave on the sides. .The 
dorsal area between the sutures of the carapace is very broad, a character which 
at once distinguishes it from the preceding species. From C. Bartonii it differs 
by a much more elongated and narrower rostrum. 
Locality.—Uncertain; labels having been accidentally lost. Its range, however, 
is within the middle States of the Union. 
13.. CampBarus pusituus, Girard.—Astacus pusillus, Rarin. Amer. Monthly 
Mag. II, 1817, 42. 
This species comes nearest to C. montanus, but the antennz are still longer and 
the rostrum more tapering, and terminated by a more elongated point. The 
dorsal area between the sutures of the carapace is likewise narrower. 
Localities. —Lake Ontario, three miles from shore opposite Oswego, taken in 
the stomach of Lota maculosa (Baird).—Brooks near Saratoga, Lake George, 
Lake Champlain, Utica, Oswego, (Rafinesque). 
14. Camearus rosustus, Girard.—Differs from C. Bartonii by stouter an- 
tenn, composed of shorter articulations and. by proportionally more elongated 
and more conical rostrum and a more acute terminal point. From C. pusillus it 
is distinguished by having shorter antenne, besides a difference in the shape of 
the rostrum. The dorsal lines of suture of the carapace, on the other hand, do 
not approximate as much as in C. diogenes, although nearer than in both C. Bar- 
tonic and C. pustllus. It differs from C. lorgulws by a broader rostrum and a 
narrower dorsal area.. The anterior pair of abdominal legs in the male, more- 
over, is flattened and twisted. 
Locality.—Humber River, near Toronto (Canada). 
15. Camparus Gameeuit, Girard.—Antenne, about the length of the body, 
from the tip of the rostrum to the origin of the tail. Rostrum proportionally 
long and conical as in C. diogenes and C. longulus, but is bordered on each side 
with a row of minute and conical tubercles. Anterior elaw very stout, bearing 
