1853. | Q71 
vata, Rafinesque’s American Manual of Grape Vines. Vulg. Fox grape, Isa- 
bella and Catawba grape. 
Stem large and tall. Leaves widely cordate, sublobately-angled or distinctly 
three or five lobed; acuminate, irregularly eroso-dentate, above smooth, beneath 
irregularly reticulate, beneath densely tomentose or velvety; the pubescence 
of various length, hoary or rufescent. Berries large, -7 of an inch in diameter, 
round or oval. 
The commonest form of this species has thick leaves, with a rather long 
pubescence beneath; the racemes are small, rarely with more than five or six 
berries on each; these are round, often oblate, black or red colored, acid and 
austere, frequently occasioning soreness of the lips and fauces of those who eat 
them. Another variety much cultivated under the names of Isabella, Catawba, 
and twenty other unmeaning names, has the leaves thinner, the pubescence un- 
derneath much shorter and more velvety, the racemes large, long and dense, the 
berries more or less oval, red or black, very sweet and agreeable to the taste, 
with a peculiar flavor, by some called musky. This is much cultivated in some 
parts of the Union, and wine of a fine quality is made from it. But like all the 
grapes of America the fruit is so watery that it is thought necessary to add sugar 
to the must, not considering that the must before fermentation can be made of 
any strength with regard to the sugar contained in it, by boiling, as’ is done in 
some parts of the country with apple and pear juice. 
The best of all the varieties of this species is the white fruited, which does 
not differ in its leaf from that first described ; the racemes are, however, large, 
long and dense, the berries white or green with a slight coppery tinge on the 
side exposed to the sun. It is, perhaps, the best grape indigenous to ” America 
which has been found in the Northern States. It is very sweet, and has but 
little of the peculiar flavor which almost all the others have, and is entirely free 
from all acridity. 
2. V. renuirouia. Foliis tenuibus, lato-cordatis simplicibus, trilobis aut 
quinquelobis acuminatis irregulariter dentatis, glabris interdum subtus arach- 
noideo-villosis, nervis rufo- -pubescentibus. Racemis parvis, baccis magnis, rotun- 
dis, viridibus paulo glaucescentibus, ingratis acidis. 
Hah.—In New Jersey, formerly very common in the vicinity of Trenton, but 
now not to be found. 
Stem tolerably large and tall; leaves thin, widely cordate, simple or three or 
five lobed: acuminate, irregularly dentate, smooth, sometimes arachnoideo- 
villous beneath ; the nerves and veins always furnished with a rufous pubescence. 
Racemes small, berries lar Be, ° 8 of an inch in diameter, green, a little glaucous, 
disagreeably acid. ‘ 
3. V. mstivaLis. Foliis lato-cordatis sublobato-angulatis, tri vel quinquelobis, 
acuminatis irregulariter serratis aut dentatis, dentibus mucronatis, supra glabris 
aut paulo arachnoideis, subtus arachnoldeo-villosis plus minus fuscis, interdum 
subglabris, junioribus densius villosis. Racemis parvis, baccis parvulis nigris 
acidis. 
Hab.—In Carolina and Georgia. V. estivalis, Michaux and Rafinesque. V. 
labrusca, Walter and Elliot. Vulg. Fox grape. 
Stem large and lofty; leaves widely cordate, sublobately angled, sometimes 
distinctly and deeply three and five lobed; acuminate irregularly dentate or ser- 
rate, with the teeth mucronate, above smooth or a little arachnoidal, especially 
in the younger state, beneath more or less fuseous, araebnoideo-villous, some- 
times subglabrous, the youngest one more densely villous. Racemes rather small; 
berries rather small, °4 of an inch in diameter, black, generally very acid. 
These three species have a general resemblance to ‘each other, but, as appears. 
from the descriptions, are sufficiently distinet. 
4. V. BracteaTa. Foliis cordatis, acuminatis, quinquelobis, sinubis latis 
profundis, irregulariter dentatis dentibus acutis muticis, supra glabris, subtus 
nervis rufo-pubescentibus. Florum faseiculis bracteatis. Racemis longis com- 
positis laxis, baccis parvis nigris. 
42. 
