$14 . [ Marcu, 
Heights of Places determined by Lieut. Hernnen, U.S. N. 
Distance in Heights above 
Names of Places. Statute Miles Boiling the level 
from Lima. Point. of the sea. 
Brought forward 352 
La Cueva . : : chal 20 20625 2595 feet. 
Lingo Maria SO ae i 10 207°8 OZ Sieee 
Land Travel . s 382 
Focache . y 5 by 174 209.1 BRE) GS 
Sion . . A 5 4 58 209:°7 OA ae 
Lupuna 5 : 5 ° 58 210: WU Oileass 
Chasuta 3 ; r 87 210-5 585 << 
Santa Cruz E ! 4 220 211-2 177—«“s 
Nanta 5 5 5 5 353 211°3 126 « 
Petras . Seto ts , 197 Q1iel 228 < 
Bea (OMY 6 Sia b 707 208-2 715 
River Bank 3 A a 13 208°4 1611 <«§ 
5G 6 “ : * 60 208°5 1560 
OG . 6 ; A 168 208°6 1907 <¢5 
US 5 C 6 re) 208°8 1406 § 
Barra 5 4 f : 14 209.3 NO Gs 
Mouth of the Maderia 104 209-8 893 * 
Villa Nova ; We 6 209 210°3 638 * 
Santarem . : Suites ; 220 210°5 Seay 0 33 
agains P P : 709 211°5 PHS) OS 
Sea 5 6 93 
Direct water travel . . . 3652 
A dotted line on the diagram represents Lieut. Herndon’s track above the 
level of the sea, according to the above experiments. ‘‘ By this track it will be 
perceived,’’ says Lieut. Maury, “‘that after ascending the Andes, and coming 
down the Amazon to a considerable distance, he ascended or went up hill. Now 
we know that this was not the case, because he was all the time drifting down 
the stream ina canoe. ‘To reconcile this apparent paradox between the inclina- 
tion of this slope of the continent, as shown on the one hand by the running 
water of the rivers, and on the other by the pressure of the air, it is necessary 
to suppose, that when he boiled his water at the eastern base of the Andes, he 
was in fact under a bank of atmosphere, and that the pressure under this bank 
Was so great as to force the boiling point up very nearly to the sea level. 
<¢ Let us now proceed to account as best we may, for this bank, or increased 
atmospheric pressure. 
«These experiments were made in south latitude, and in the trade wind region 
of that hemisphere. These winds strike nearly perpendicularly against the 
Andes, the tops of which range extend in many places nearly, if not quite as 
high, as do the trade winds themselves. Now, then, what is the effect of such 
an obstruction as the Andes afford to the passage of the south east trade winds? 
If we may judge by the effect of similar obstructions to running water, we have 
no hesitation in saying that the effect is to bank up. 
‘¢Pot Rock and other obstructions to the rapid current of Hurlgate—taking 
small things to represent great—may serve us with an illustration that will 
assist me in making myself clear. Any one who witnessed the water running 
over that rock, could not fail to be struck with the fact, and the extent to which 
the water was piled up, not over the rock, but wp stream from it; not only was 
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