HAworru. | Lead and Zine. 39 
think its use will soon become popular. It is also used in 
the manufacture of brass, bronze, and other alloys, such as 
German silver, muntz metal for sheathing ships, Chinese 
tutenag, or white copper, and a few others. Brass is an alloy 
of zinc and copper and is quite variable in composition, 
sometimes having as much as 10 parts copper to 1 of zinc, 
often 4 parts copper to 1 of zinc, and in some cases with a 
ratio of 20 parts copper to 29 of zinc. Muntz metal varies 
from a ratio of 1:1 to that of 67 parts copper to 1 of zinc. 
German silver is an alloy usually containing about 60 parts 
copper, 20 parts zine and 20 parts nickel. 
The consumption of zinc for these various uses is modified 
slightly from year to year. In 1892” the United States con- 
sumed approximately 78,040 tons of zinc, divided as follows: 
Tons. 
Galvanizinewsheet iron and wike.s..0.5.55.0.5.556-05.-% 35,000 
BLASSHMAMUTACEUME Ns ba Cmrelen a Pony Me. toll ohi ed ede si t's 20,500 
Stee tine tallepesrr ey atest erynve cee cians tiem oietccahe ae eak Biererese 15,500 
Desilverzationsotmbullione ea ee eee 3,500 
Mon TIMeMESH CLC rea are Patek a cesicl Sac ray fev cde bade aesha a ics oie 300 
Miscellaneous and unaccounted for...................... 3, 240 
NOTE | ss 2s Gc! dite aeeeneGea es ol ih I ate ioe ID RA Om ie Bac 78,040 
For the year 1899 the consumption of zinc in America, as 
estimated by Dr. R. P. Rothwell,” was as follows: 
Per. cent. 
Calvanizin Opa yey ace cee eta Pre Sieh sios Giana es Aaa 
SH GENG VANIVG sites GS TR cane te ce ae ee RG ee eg Rec 20 
Brasstandeounersalloyseere tracers sects vec chess eee saath s 15 
SUT CISL OG pe aay Semaine Ee ed NRE boston Ae Te Ge a Lhe ka ten i adel ge ds 15 
Compounds of zinc are also used as pigments, the most 
common being zinc oxide, or zinc-white. Zine chloride is 
used largely by tinners as a help in soldering and zine sul- 
phate is used to no less extent in pharmacy and medicine. 
MINERALS OR NATURAL COMPOUNDS OF ZINC. 
SPHALERITE, OR BLENDE.—Zinc sulphide, ZnS. In Amer- 
ica nearly all commercial zinc comes from this ore. Its 
crystallization and other properties as a mineral are so well 
given by Doctor Rogers in part III of this report that no 
special description need be given here. When pure it is com- 
posed of zinc sixty-seven per cent. and sulphur thirty-three 
20. Robertson, J. D. Mo. Geol. Surv., vol. VI, p. 241. Jefferson City, 1894. 
21. Rothwell, Dr. R. P. Mineral Resources of Kansas for 1899, p. 34. Lawrence, 1900. 
