Hawortu. | Historical. 13 
and Chihuahua are of quite recent discovery. After the ex- 
pulsion of the Spaniards in 1821, foreigners were allowed to 
enter, since which time English and, later, American capital 
have done much to develop the mines. 
‘(In Honduras mining was in progress over 200 years. 
‘In Canada the discovery of lead ores is of very recent 
years, and nothing of historic interest is to be recorded. Of 
zinc there is nothing to be said. 
THE UNITED STATES. 
‘“‘Lnap Mintna.—The earliest discoveries of the United 
States appear to have been in Virginia, near Jamestown. 
Here, John Berkeley, who was in charge of a pioneer iron 
furnace, discovered asmall vein of galena which he worked for 
bullets and shot. ‘The same deposit was subsequently worked 
by a Colonel Boyd. The Wythe county deposits of the eastern 
part of the state were not discovered until 1750, by a Colonel 
Chiswell, a British officer. Development was begun at once, 
and with interruptions during various periods, has continued 
till the present time. 
‘‘The Washington mine in North Carolina was discov- 
ered in 1836, and has been worked continually since, to re- 
cent times. 
‘‘In Maryland some little lead mining was prosecuted near 
Unionville, prior to the revolution. In other Southern states 
little has been done. 
‘‘In Pennsylvania the existence of metalliferous deposits 
was known at the time of the Swedish settlement in 1640," 
and probably included the Chester county lead ores. Lead 
mining in Huntington county was of early date, and was 
possibly prosecuted by the French. The Blair county de- 
posits were discovered and worked during the revolution, in 
1778, and again in 1795. The principal operations, however, 
were between the years 1864 and 1870. Those of Lancaster 
county were first known in 1845, but extensive work was not 
begun until 1878; those of Northumberland were discovered 
about 1850, though not worked until 1882. Recorded mining 
of the Chester county ores began in 1850. ° 
10. Pulsifer, Wm. H.: Notes for a History of Lead and an Inquiry into the Development of 
the Manufacture of White Lead and Lead Oxides. New York, 1888, p. 75. 
