96 University Geological Survey of Kansas. 
the management of the Mastin land changed, and a deep 
shaft was sunk on the ground to be used as a pumping shaft. 
When it was completed and pumps installed the McCann 
pumps stopped. It was then found that the new pumping 
shaft would not drain the land immediately adjoining it 
nearly so well as the McCann pumps quite a distance away. 
The explanation of the above-mentioned conditions is simple. 
The McCann shaft happened to be located in open ground, 
that is, ground which permitted water to flow through it with 
but little resistance. By the action of the pumps water was 
kept down to a level of approximately 150 feet below the sur- 
face, and almost all the water from surrounding territory 
drained into this shaft. The new pumping station happened 
to penetrate a piece of ground which was not very open, and 
consequently water from the surrounding territory could not 
drain into the new shaft rapidly enough to keep it from rising 
in a general way throughout the entire area of the Mastin 
land and adjoining properties. This diversity of under- 
ground conditions is so marked and so well known in different 
parts of the mining district that it accounts for many con- 
flicting stories regarding ground water. 
Where does mine water come from? ‘This is a question 
that has been asked many times, and its answer has been 
used in connection with different theories regarding the ori- 
gin of ore deposits. Van Hise and Bain* treat the subject 
as though practically all the ground water throughout the 
entire Galena-Joplin mining area came from the underlying 
Silurian, carried westward from a catchment area on the 
high Ozark uplands in the vicinity of Cedar Gap, east of 
Springfield, where the stratas are exposed at the surface. 
It can hardly be believed they mean this to be as nearly uni- 
versal as their writings imply. Bain even goes so far as to 
attribute to this source the water of various springs, such as 
Cave Springs and other springs in the vicinity which clearly 
supply surface water. It is contended by both of them that 
local rains have no appreciable effect upon the amount of 
water in the mines. Again, it must be stated that this con- 
tention can be based only upon a limited knowledge of facts — 
*Loce. cit. 
