Hawortu. | Ore Deposits. 113 
mills. On the map of Galena, plate III, flint areas are rep- 
resented by shading. It is practically identical with the 
principal mining areas. Experience of the miners has been 
such that they have no faith whatever in finding ore in solid 
limestone, while they will prospect any flint area which they 
can find. The flint area as outlined is by no means all the 
flint in this part of the country. It simply represents one 
great large area over three miles long north and south and 
over two miles wide east and west in the widest place. Out- 
side of these boundaries there is a great deal of flint, isolated 
patches which vary in size from a few hundred yards to half 
a mile across, and wherever the flint occurs, if prospecting 
has been carried to any considerable extent, there we find ore. 
This is true in many instances, such as the flint areas west of 
Spring river on the land of the Quaker Valley Mining Com- 
pany, Spring River Mining Company, at Pitzerville, and at 
the Badger mines six miles north of Galena. Across the state 
boundary in Missouri a number of other similar outlying 
areas are prominent, among which might be mentioned 
Belleville or Zincite, a small area with limestone rocks sur- 
rounding it, Klondike, Carl Junction, Alba, and Neck, with 
many others of lessimportance. But the flint area at Galena 
is the largest of any one individual area in the entire district. 
The horizontal distribution of ores is very irregular. They 
do not occur in equal abundance wherever flint abounds, 
but rather are somewhat restricted within the flint areas. 
Mine operators usually are quite peculiar in their under- 
ground development work and follow only one rule, namely: 
‘‘Mollow the ore.’’ This results in the production of ex- 
ceedingly irregular underground openings, as is shown by 
figures 3 to 7, some of which are taken from Kansas and 
others from Missouri. It is difficult to say how the ore 
beds, as shown on maps of this kind, could owe their posi- 
tions to any definite line of fractures or faulting—fractures 
which have a depth, as fault lines due to orographic move- 
ments must have. It would seem, rather, that such ore bodies 
owe their peculiar positions to fractures and faults local in 
nature. Neither does it appear that the richest areas at 
8—viii 
