182 University Geological Survey of Kansas. 
that gas pipes are fitted together or by a special inside con- 
nection, and the whole is driven into the ground as before. 
To determine the exact amount of mineral contained in the 
cuttings made by the drill, in passing through a deposit, a 
sort of hand panning may have to be resorted to, as is often 
done in prospecting for coal. The per cent. that the mineral 
is of the total material loosened can then be determined, and 
the thickness and richness of the ore body passed through 
calculated approximately. Diamond drills cannot be suc- 
cessfully employed, except with cementing, 7. e., employing 
cement to close up all fissures, due to the highly fissured con- 
dition of the formation. 
METHOD OF DEVELOPING MINERAL PROPERTIES. 
As a rule development work in this district does not extend 
beyond the sinking of shafts, and is so closely identified with 
mining proper that it is usually considered as a part of that 
work. Nevertheless considerable development work is done 
entirely independent of the work of extraction or removal 
of ore, and consists largely of drifts run in any direction lat- 
erally and even vertically in search of supposed ore bodies. 
All indications and traces of mineral are carefully followed 
in such,work, but, owing to the lack of any well-defined fis- 
sures or fissured zones and any regularity in occurrence of 
ore bodies, development work is unsatisfactory at best, and 
for that reason is usually merged into and intimately asso- 
ciated with mining. 
Methods of Mining. 
The method of mining employed is generally known as 
‘‘underhand stoping,’’ the ore being removed in most cases by 
underhand work. A similar method is employed in the south- 
east Missouri lead mines and in massive and lenticular de- 
posits of iron and other ores the world over. 
The occurrence of the ore is such that the method of un- 
derhand stoping of breasts seems the most practicable and 
also the simplest and most economical. In most cases the 
deposits are so irregular that pillars of barren rock can be 
left at a sufficiently large number of points to insure safety 
