202 University Geological Survey of Kansas. 
gauge track. The ‘‘brunoer’’ keeps the dirt moving from 
the face of the drift to the cockey’s platform. The cockey 
loads the cars and pushes them to the foot of the shaft, 
where they are hoisted to the top. 
When, as often happens, the drift passes through the lower 
portion of the ore body, that is, the lead is upward, there are 
two methods which may be employed, namely, the roof may 
be stoped down, or a new drift started further up the shaft, at 
a point from which it is calculated to pierce the upper part of 
the ore body. Plate XLIX illustrates the latter method of pro- 
cedure, except that in this case the upper drift was the initial 
one, and as the ore was not struck in paying quantities the 
lower drift was driven, which developed the fact that the lead 
extended upward, when work was resumed in the former, and 
the stoping operation ultimately connected the two drifts. 
Fig. 14, Overhand stoping, showing use of 
scaffolding for mines. 
When, however, indications point to the more or less abrupt 
termination of the ore body above, the former method of pro- 
cedure, as stated above, would be the one followed. The 
latter method is probably the most applicable and is the one 
most generally employed in this district. The former method 
can readily be employed, but requires scaffolding and is slower 
working, but it is easier to keep the roof in good shape and 
thus prevents accidents. The method of overhand stoping 
is just the reverse of underhand stoping, and consists in 
starting at the shaft and cutting down the roof back to the 
end of the drift, and so repeating the operation until the limit 
of the ore body is reached above. Figure 14. 
