248 University Geological Survey of Kansas. 
explained as follows: The projections or teeth, B, are a part 
of the drum and brake wheel. The arm, C, is fastened to the 
shaft, V, and always rotates in the same plane, while by moy- 
ing the lever the projections (teeth), 6, are moved out of the 
plane of rotation of C, and do not therefore come in contact 
with it. On moving the lever in the opposite direction, the 
projections, B, are moved into the plane of the rotation of C, 
and engage with the same, causing the drum to rotate with 
the shaft. It is thus evident that the power can be thrown 
off and on, and in a similar manner the brake may be applied, 
by moving the lever to the right and left and backwards and 
forwards. When a bucket or tub is to be lowered into the 
mine, the power is then thrown off by moving the lever to 
the right and the speed of descent is regulated by the friction 
brake. 
Too great care cannot be taken in seeing that all parts of 
the brake are sound and in good working condition ; other- 
wise danger to life may result. 
Steam Hovst.—There are two general types of steam hoist- 
ing machines employed in the district, namely: First, where 
the engine and the drum are separate ; second, where the two 
are combined. As arule both power and brake are applied 
by friction, the application of which is accomplished by ec- 
centrics. Second motion hoists are almost universally em- 
ployed. 
When the drum is separate from the engine it is mounted 
upon the derrick or head frame, while the engine proper 
stands on the ground at the foot of the derrick, in which 
case the engine may be of any form. ‘Traction engines are 
often used, while horizontal or upright stationary boilers 
with engines attached are of frequent occurrence. When the 
engine and hoisting machines are separate, the power is 
transmitted by means of a belt, which is made as short as 
possible, and is generally protected by a belt box to prevent 
the wind from disturbing it. The drum is placed close to 
one side of the derrick, so as to give as much room as possi- 
ble upon the platform. 
This form of steam hoist is not so handy or economical as 
