290 University Geological Survey of Kansas. 
a Fe issesnpeenees ibe 
a ‘ SS Sn Bt 
Ns Tl Bx yi 
Rs ‘@ 
| z j a: 
pes 
% — 9 ZL en 
\ eee —S EEE Ni 
RSIS SS oN 
(MN Se SSF 
Fig. 69. Peat oe ee fable fOr return- 
A gate is provided at some point of the periphery, as A. 
The drum, B, is situated at the center of the pit, the floor or 
bottom of which slopes away from the drum in all direc- 
tions at an inclination of about six inches to ten or twelve 
feet. The drum is about four feet in diameter, and stands 
from twelve to eighteen inches above the bottom of the bud- 
dle. The top of the drum is conical, being a truncated cone, 
and is provided with a row of diamond-shaped pieces of 
wood called ‘‘buttons,’’ the longer axis of each pointing to- 
wards the center of the cone ordrum. These buttons are 
four and one-half inches along the major and one and one- 
half inches along the minor axis, and are placed about one- 
half to three-fourths of an inch apart. There is a space of 
three inches between the ends of the buttons and the edge or 
periphery of the drum. 
Encircling the upper edge of the cylindrical part of the 
drum, and flush with the same, is a hoop of iron, P, which 
stands out from three-eighths to one-half inch from the 
drum, and is supported by screws and small cleats, spacing 
blocks, placed several inches apart. Both the buttons and 
the hoop, with supporting screws and cleats, tend to distrib- 
ute uniformly the currents of water and slime flowing over 
the conical top of the drum, and also deflect them vertically 
downward to the base of the drum. 
Through the center of this drum rises a vertical shaft, Z, 
which rests in the end or stool bearing, C, and is supported 
and aligned by an overhead bearing, D, above which and 
keyed to the shaft is the drive pulley, E. The drive belt is 
twisted one-fourth as it passes from the main line shaft to the 
