342 University Geological Survey of Kansas. 
ing of the rock, but renders cleaning up more difficult, thus 
delaying the subsequent operations. 
The wages of men range from $1.75 to $2. In shafting, 
only two men are employed; while in drifting, usually four 
men, but as the cross-section of the drift is greater (except in 
some of the larger shafts used at present, in which four men 
work), the same relative advance is made. 
The cost of a large shaft is usually much less per foot than 
a small one, for the reason that a larger number of men can 
work, and consequently the rate of advance is greater, with 
little less expenditure of labor and material. The cost of lin- 
ing a shaft varies, however, with its cross-section, as timber 
costs so much per thousand, board measure. 
Summary of a day’s drilling: 
Shaft, Drift or shaft, 
(4x5 ft.) (6x8 ft.) 
abo atwormen sat b2n00maeene eer GML (OS MOWIP THEN oooccscececc0000 $8 00 
Sharpening drills, 12, at5cents...... GOS WG, Bie WH CSM oococcccos 80 
OCA Br SA Sy ey aa Ce ee ee SGN) | ees a SEM ARTE Ue ches OS ohh $8 80 
Summary of expenses for one round of holes, or one ad- 
vance of two feet in the first column and two and one-half 
feet in the second: 
Drift or 
Shaft. shaft. 
Labor, two men, two days, at $2..... $8 00; four men, two days.... $16 00 
Sharpening drills, 24, at 5 cents..... IL AOS By Qe 5) CAMS. o56000000 1 60 
Powder for squibbing, 14 stick (16 Ib.) 
per hole: 
8 holes, at 5 cents per Ib......... ZO Sw OIhOlese Aes Mere eer 25 
Primers, at 8 cents per hole...... DA is ie aie Why sake Ged ed Re 30 
Powder per round, 24 sticks....... IL Ae BO SHBIOKS. cooacdoocva0ce - 150 
Total: costesseen trey eae DIO SA eer Oe St Rava as pana ate epee lees $19 65 
The above is cost for a 4x 5 foot shaft sunk 2 feet, which 
makes about $5.42 per linear foot of advance; fora6x 8 foot 
shaft or drift sunk 24 feet in the same time, $7.86. The cost 
is about one and one-half times as much for a 6x8 shaft as 
for a 4x5 foot, but the actual amount excavated is almost 
four times as great, being 1.4 and 4.4 cubic yards with 4x5 
and 6x 8 foot shafts. Comparing them, then, according to the 
amount excavated rather than linear feet of advance, we have 
$7.71 and $4.47, respectively, for 4x5 and 6x 8 foot shafts, 
just reversing the order as given above for rate of advance. 
