CHAPTER II. 
HISTORY OF FIELD-WORK. 
By ErASMuUS HAWworTH and JOHN BENNETT. 
EFORE beginning a discussion of the stratigraphy of the 
Kansas fields, a short sketch of the work done by others 
may be of interest. The geological investigations made 
in eastern Kansas by different geologists may be divided chro- 
nologically into three groups: First, covering a time period 
from earliest investigations down to about 1875; second, from 
this date to the organization of the University Geological Sur- 
vey of Kansas in 1894; and third, from 1894 to the present 
time. 
During the first period the principal workers were Messrs. 
F. B. Meek and F. V. Hayden, who worked and published to- 
gether, Maj. F. Hawn, Prof. J. S. Newberry, Prof. G. C. Swal- 
low and Prof G. C. Broadhead, to which list might be added 
Dr. G. G. Shumard and Capt. R. B. Marcey, who did work in 
adjoining areas that has a bearing on Kansas geology. 
During the second period work was done by Prof B. F. 
Mudge, O. H. St. John and Robt. Hay, with an occasional pa- 
per on some special subject by various specialists in their par- 
ticular branches of science, such as Dr. F. H. Snow, Prof. G. 
E. Patrick, Mr. Joseph Savage and Prof. S. W. Williston, and a 
number of others whose papers were published principally in 
the Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Science and in cur- 
rent scientific magazines. 
During the third period work has been done continuously 
and uninterruptedly by the University Geological Survey of 
Kansas under its present management and, to a lesser extent, 
by the United States Geological Survey, generally having a 
semicodperation arrangement with the State Survey. 
First Period.—From 1852 to 1860 Capt. R. B. Marcey and 
Dr. G. G. Shumard made explorations along the Red river, in 
Louisiana, the Pecos and Rio Grande, in Texas and New Mex- 
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