HAWORTH AND BENNETT.| History of Field Work. A5 
vol. 11, p. 511.) In determining the date of the first scientific 
publication of the discovery of Permian fossils in Kansas 
neither of these records should be considered. The first public 
announcement before a scientific society of the identification of 
Permian fossils in Kansas was made by Prof. G. C. Swallow 
in a letter read by Prof. B. F. Shumard before the St. Louis 
Academy of Science on February 22, 1858. (See Trans. Acad. 
Sci. St. Louis, vol. 1, pp. 111, 112.) The letter, which was dated 
February 18, contains the identification of several species col- 
lected by Major Hawn. Professor Swallow states: ‘I can have 
no doubt that the rocks are Permian, since the proof is very 
conclusive tomy mind. . . . All the described fossils, with 
perhaps two exceptions, are identical with Permian species of 
Russia and England, while all the new species appear to be 
more nearly allied to Permian forms than to any other.’ At 
the same meeting a portion of a paper by Professor Swallow 
and Major Hawn was read, entitled ‘The Rocks of Kansas, with 
Descriptions of New Fossils from the Permian Formation in 
Kansas Territory.’ The reading of this paper was concluded 
at the following meeting, on March 8. (Trans. Acad. Sci. St. 
Eouis} vol. pp. 112) dls. and pp. 173-197.) An abstract of 
the paper was read at the Baltimore meeting of the American 
Association for the Advancement of Science, May, 1858, and 
appeared in the American Journal of Science November, 1858 
(2d series, vol. XXVI, pp. 182-188) ; also published in Proceed- 
ings of American Association for the Advancement of Science, 
vol. XII, 1859, pp. 214-221, where Professor Swallow says: 
“The Coal Measures occupy a belt along the eastern end of the 
territory, extending westward as far as Fort Riley. West of 
the Coal Measures the Permian strata are developed over a 
Wee ae stretching across the territory from north to south’ 
p. 220). 
“Apparently the first published announcement of the Per- 
mian age of the Kansas fossils was a letter from Prof. G. C. 
Swallow to Prof. J. D. Dana, dated February 16, 1858, and 
printed in the March number of the American Journal of 
Science and Arts (2d series, vol. XXV, p. 305). Swallow men- 
tioned some ten European Permian species; these or closely 
allied species he had identified in Major Hawn’s collection, and 
he stated, ‘I can but feel that the above is sufficient to justify 
us in the decision that they are Permian.’ 
“On March 2 Prof. James Hall read a paper by Meek and 
Hayden before the Albany Institute, describing a small col- 
lection of fossils ‘from near the mouth of the Smoky Hill fork 
of the Kansas river,’ concerning which is the statement: ‘We 
think there is scarcely room to doubt that it [the formation] is 
of Permian age.’ (Trans. Albany Inst., vol. Iv, p. 76.) The 
paper is entitled ‘Descriptions of New Organic Remains from 
Northeastern Kansas Indicating the Existence of Permian 
Rocks in that Territory’ (pp. 73-89). This paper was noticed 
