76 University Geological Survey of Kansus. 
shale-beds and the overlying limestones which have produced 
the most prominent escarpment in the state. They are the 
Le Roy shales, Kickapoo limestone, Lawrence shales and Oread 
limestone. 
SHAWNEE STAGE. 
Immediately above the rocks of the Douglas Stage we find a 
complex of alternating limestone and shales, no one of which 
is particularly prominent, but each in the aggregate covers a 
zone reaching entirely across the state. Named from the bot- 
tom upwards, they are, Kanwaka shales, Lecompton limestone, 
Tecumseh shales, Deer Creek limestone, Calhoun shales, To- 
peka limestone, Severy shales, Howard limestone, Scranton 
shales. There is a limestone immediately under the Burlington 
which is thin and not persistent and therefore will only be men- 
tioned as a part of a shale-bed in this Stage. In the southern 
part of the state the Howard limestone caps a prominent es- 
carpment. The Burlingame limestone and the shales beneath 
produce a scarp traceable for one hundred and fifty miles. 
The name Shawnee Stage is chosen on account of the great 
prominence of these rocks in Shawnee county, which contains 
the capital of the state. In the scheme here used, and in plate 
III, the classification of all the formations between the Burlin- 
game limestone and the Permian is copied directly from Pros- 
ser.’ 
WABAUNSEE STAGE. 
The name Wabaunsee is applied to the great complex of 
strata from the Burlingame limestone up to the Cottonwood 
limestone. It includes the Burlingame limestone, Olpe shales 
of Adams, Emporia limestone, Admire shales, Americus lime- 
stone, Elmdale formation, Neva limestone and Eskridge shales. 
COUNCIL GROVE STAGE. 
The Council Grove Stage includes the Alma or Cottonwood 
limestone, Florena shales, Neosho formations, and Garrison 
formation. 
This completes the geological column throughout the Car- 
boniferous. It is followed immediately by the Permian, for 
which Prosser will be quoted again. 
7. Jour. Geol., vol. x,-No. 7, 1902, p. 718. 
