112 University Geological Survey of Kansas. 
slopes extending westward to the Burlingame escarpment, but 
in places the superincumbent shales form a heavy blanket 
over this dip slope. In the northern part of the state it is 
covered by glacial drift. 
Scranton Shales. 
This shale-bed lies between the Howard and the Burlingame 
limestones. Haworth,°® Hall®” and Adams*® called them the 
Burlingame shales and other names, but the name Burlingame 
was given to limestone above the shales at the same time and 
therefore the name Scranton is now applied to these shales. 
Thickness.—The Scranton shales, from 160 to 180 or more 
feet thick, stand in the face of one of the prominent escarp- 
ments of eastern Kansas. 
Area.—They cover a somewhat extended area from the 
southern part of the state to Arrington, in Atchison county, 
where they pass under the glacial drift. 
Characteristics.—The Scranton shales have a vein of coal 
of little importance about one-half of the way up in them which 
is seen in the Burlingame escarpment in many places, and im- 
mediately above this coal is a calcareous bond, becoming a 
firm limestone in places, and at points west of Topeka thickens 
to 24 feet. It is not persistent, however, and therefore would 
not form a division line. 
Burlingame Limestone,®9 
The name Burlingame was given to this limestone by Hall. 
It caps what is known as the Burlingame escarpment. 
Thickness.—The Burlingame limestone varies in thickness 
from 6 to 12 feet. It is split by thin shales in the southern 
outcrop. It forms, in Brown county, but one solid layer. 
Area.—The Burlingame limestone occupies a somewhat 
narrow strip of country from south of Cedar Vale, in Chau- 
tauqua county, ranging from one to five miles or so until it 
passes into Nebraska north of Brown county. This limestone 
goes under a mantle of glacial drift at Muscotah, comes out 
again northeast of Everest, goes under again at Robinson, and 
appears again on Roys creek before the Nebraska line is 
reached. 
Fauna.—See Doctor Beede’s chart, plate XLII. 
66. Haworth, Prof. E.: Univ. Geol. Surv. of Kan., vol. 1, p. 162. 1896. 
67. Hall, J. G.: Univ. Geol. Surv. of Kan., vol. 1, p. 104. 1896. 
68. Adams, Dr. George I.: U.S. G.S., Bull. 211, p. 51. Washington. 1903. 
69. Hall, J. G.: Univ. Geol. Surv. of Kan., vol. 1, p. 105. 1896. 
