HAWORTH.| Commercial Conditions of Oil and Gas. 209 
been made; such as gas at Arkansas City and Newkirk, and oil 
and gas near Ardmore, in the Chickasaw territory. The Ar- 
kansas City-Newkirk field is evidently about the same geo- 
logically as the large field, but the exact geological conditions 
about Ardmore (and a few other places where traces of oil and 
gas have been found) have not yet been thoroughly worked 
out. 
Development during 1905 extended the fields by only a small 
area. More gas was found at Arkansas City than was thought 
to exist. The heavy developments about Pawhuska, in the 
Osage territory, and in the oil-fields of Cleveland, Okla., and 
the shallow oil about Alluwe and Coody’s Bluff, were the prin- _ 
cipal additions for the year, although small developments were 
made in all these places at an early date. 
In Kansas the only developments of note were in the vicinity 
of Paola and Rantoul. A somewhat unexpected development of 
shallow oil was made about Paola; it was unexpected because 
much drilling for gas had been done previously without un- 
covering oil-pools. Rantoul is a little village on the Missouri 
Pacific railroad between Osawatomie and Ottawa. Early in 
the year a number of wells were drilled there, which, almost 
without exception, produced either oil or gas in paying quan- 
tities. At present, a nice little field of shallow sand is devel- 
oped, producing fair quantities of both oil and gas. This seems 
to be a southwest trend of the Paola-Osawatomie field. The 
pay sand lies at varying depths, from 350 to 600 feet or more. 
Alluwe, in the Cherokee Nation, is a little village which un- 
til a few months ago consisted of some half a dozen houses, in- 
cluding a little country store, or trading-post. This was the 
former home of the Delaware chief Little Foot, and the present 
home of his son-in-law, Mr. Campbell, who now has a princely 
income from royalties on oil leases. Two or three years ago 
two prospect wells were put down, ostensibly for water. Each 
of them struck oil-sand at about 500 feet, and the wells stood 
full of oil for two years or more. When leasing in the Chero- 
kee Nation began in earnest a year and a half ago, information 
about these wells leaked out and leases in that vicinity soon 
came toa premium. The old lease of the Cherokee Illuminating 
Oil Company, covering twelve square miles, lies six miles south 
of Alluwe. Development has proved a north-and-south trend, 
reaching all the way from the old lease (or “big lease,’’ as it is 
generally called) to Coody’s Bluff, ten miles north of Alluwe, 
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