o6 
der bridge of bone; posterior nares thrown into one conduit; palate 
extending far back of molars; pterygoids strongly hamulate. 
Many of the above expressions are applicable to sub-family Lutrine as 
a whole. 
Particular points of Lutra proper, are the presence of perfect claws, as 
opposed to their rudimentary condition in some of the Old World Otters 
(or even wanting, as in Leptonyxz and Aonyx), and in the lack of special 
dilatation of the tail, as in the South American Pterura or Pteronura. 
The Lutrine, as designated, formerly included the Sea Otter, Enhydris 
lutris, which has the general aspect and cranial features of the ordinary 
Otter. Its hind limbs, however, are flipper-like organs, not very unlike 
those of some Seals; the teeth are pebble-like, m»reover, instead of sharp 
and angular, as in ordinary carnivores; indeed, the whole dentition is 
adapted to a piscivorous diet. While the Sea Otter has, like the Common 
Otter, the same number of teeth above and below, it lacks one pair of 
incisors below, and one pair of pre-molars above, reducing the dentition 
to thirty-two. These differences are the basis of the sub-family Enhy- 
drinx, with the Sea Otter as its only representative. 
Besides Lutra canadensis, there is a Mexican species, Luira californica, 
Gray, which Dr. Coues thinks distinct from LZ. brasiliensis. These, with 
Lutra vulgaris, are the distinct, or probably distinct, species with which, 
as will be seen by the synonymy, the widely distributed Lutra canadensis 
has been confounded. 
LUTRA CANADENSIS. Sabine. 
COMMON OTTER; LAND OTTER; AMERICAN OTTER. 
1806. Mustela canadensis, Turton, S. N., i, 1806, 57 (not Mustela canadensis, 
id., ibid., 59, which is M. pennanti, the Pekan; not of Schreber, 
nor of Hrxleben, nor of authors). 
1816. Lutra gracilis, Oken, Lebrb. Naturg. Th, iii, Abth., 11, 1816, 986 
(“Staatenland, Insel. an Amerika, bei New York”). 
1823. ILutra canadensis, “ F. Cuvier, Dict. Sc. Nat., xxvii, 1828, 242 —Is. 
Geoff., Dict. Class., ix, 520.”—J. Sabine, App. Frankl. Jour., 1823, 
653.—Less., Man., 1827, 154, No. 414—Griff, An. King., v, 1827, 
130, No. 362.—Fisch., Syn , 1829, 225.—Rich., F. B. A., 1, 1829, 
57, No. 20.—Emmons, “Rep. Quad. Mass., 1838, 25;” Rep. Quad. 
Mass., 1840, 46.—Rich., Zool. Beechey’s Voy., 1839, 4.—Maxim., 
Reise N. Am., i, 1839, 211; Arch. Naturg., 1861, 236; Verz. N. 
A. Siug., 1862, 60, pl. 8, 6 “os penis)—DeKay, N. Y. Zool., i, 
1842, 39, pl. 3, f. 1, pl. 33,4. 1, 2, 3 G@kull).—-Linsley, Am: Jour. 
Sci., xliii, 1842—Schinz, Syn., i, 1844, 349, No. 5—Aud. & 
