64 
out. The Barten Ground Bear, Ursus arctos, Richardson (Kauna Boreali- 
Americani), may require to be added to those cited. 
The Black Bear must have been eaily driven from the woods of Ohio. 
It still inhabits the mountain regions of Tennessee and Kentucky. 
Ursus AMERICANUS. Pallas. 
BLACK BEAR: 
Var. americanus. 
1780. Ursus americanus, Pallas, Spic. Zool., xiv, 1780, 6.—Bodd., Hlench. 
Anim., 1, 1784, 79.—Gmel., Syst. Nat., 1, 1788, 101.—Desm., 
Mamm., i, 1820, 165.—Harlan, Fn. Amer., 1825, 51.—Rich., F. 
B. A., i, 1829, 14.—Fisch., Syn., 1829, 148.—Godm., Am. Nat. 
Hist., i, 1831, 114.—DeKay, N. Y. Zool., 1, 1842, 24.—Aud. & 
Bach., Q. N. A., 111, 1858, 187, pl. 141.—Bd., M. N. A., 1857, 225: 
—Jordan, Manual of the Vertebrates, 1878, 20.—Coues and Yar- 
row, Geolog. and Geog. Exp. and Surv. West.100 Merid., 1875, 
vol. v, 69. 
1827. Ursus niger americanus, Griff., An. Kingd., v, 1827, No. 318. 
Var. cinnamomeus. 
1853. Ursus americanus var. cinnamomum, Aud. & Bach., Q. N. A.., iii, 
1858, 125, pl. 127. 
1857. Ursus americanus var. cunnamomeus, Bd., M. N. A., 1857, 228. 
Distribution.—The Black Bearis widely distributed throughout North 
America. The var. Cunnamomeus occurs in the Rocky Mountain region, 
and in Oregon. 
Specific Characters—The size 18 small; feet moderate; fore claws not 
twice as long as the hind claws; color entirely uniform throughout, either 
black or brownish; hairs darkest towards the tips. 
The above characters serve to separate the Biack Bear from the Grizzly, 
which is very large; feet large, with the fore claws twice as long as the 
back claws. The dark dorsal and lateral flank stripes of the Grizzly are 
opposed to the uniform coloration of the Black, as are the brownish, 
yellow, or hoary tips of the hairs in the former to the black tips of the 
latter. The hair of the Black is much softer than that of the Grizzly, 
and has not the wiry wool at the base of the long hair as in the Grizzly. 
The Bear continued in considerable abundance in parts of Ohio—in 
Athens county, according to local history (i. Cutler, authority quoted, in 
history of Athens county, 1869). Taylor, in ‘‘ History of Ohio, 1854,” 
quotes from the journal of Major John Rogers, January, 1761: “We 
traveled eleven miles and encamped, haying killed in our march, this 
day, three Bears and two Elks.” (Voyage along coast of Lake Erie.) 
‘From the “ Pioneer History of the Ohio Valley (Hildreth, 1848, I quote 
—— 
