84 
VESPERTILIO NOCTIVAGANS. LeConte. 
SILVER BLACK Bat. 
1831. Vespertilio noctivagans, LeConte, McMurtrie’s Cuv., i, 1831, 33.— 
Cooper, Ann. Lyc. N. Y., iv, 1837, 59.—De Kay, Nat. Hist. N. Y., 
1842, 9, pl. i, f. 1—Waegner, Suppl. Schreb., v, 1855, 754.—Jor- 
dan, Man. Vert., 1878, 22. 
1831. Scotophilus auduboni, Harlan, Month. Am. Jour., i, 1831, 220, pl. 2.— 
Med. and Phys. Res., 1835, 30, pl. 4. | 
1885. Vespertelio pulverulentus, Temm., Monog. Mamm., ii, 1835, 235.— 
LeConte, Proc. Phila. Acad., 1855, 485.—Maxim., Arch. Naturg., 
1861, 192 | 
—. Scotophilus nectivagans, H. Allen, Monog., 39.—J. A. Allen, Proc. 
Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., xvii, 1874. 
1857. Vespertilio (Vesperides) noctivagans, Coues and Yarrow, Geog. and 
Geolog. Expl. and Surv. West 100th Merid., v, 1875, 95. 
Specific Characters.—Length 3; extent 12; tail 1.25 to 1.50; shin 50; 
arm 1.50; longest finger 2.75; ear .50; tragus about .16. Molars?% (only 
species with 36 as the total number); central upper incisors bicuspid. 
Skull flat; not crested; two shallow depressions anteriorly. Base of foot 
without the rounded lateral swelling of Vesperus. Tragus short, broad, 
and blunt; hardly or not one-half as high as auricle. Ear irregularly 
oval, inner border running upward and inward to level of head, then 
upward and outward, ending obtusely ; outer border below folded irregu- 
larly, bending inward so as to touch the tragus. Snout naked; nostrils 
wide apart; opening sub-laterally; space between emarginate. Fem- 
oral membrane entirely, though scantily, furred on dorsal surface, with 
numerous minute tufts arranged linearly on central surface. Thumb 
small, slightly furry. Fur long and silky; black, or nearly so; the 
ends of the hairs usually white or whitish, giving a peculiar powdery 
aspect ;.sometimes entirely black. 
This species inhabits North America at large. It is said to be related 
to V. discolor, of Hurope. Its dentition and peculiar coloration charac- 
terize it distinctly. Mr. J. A. Allen gives it as common in Massachu- 
setts; Dr. Allen limits it to the middle regions of North America. Like 
most of the family, however, it is doubtless of general and extensive 
distribution. 
VESPERTILIO (VESPERUS) FusScUS Beauvois. 
CAROLINA BROWN Bat. 
1796.  Vespertilo fuscus, Palisot de Beauvois, Cat. Peale’s Mus., 1796, 14.— 
-LeConte, Proc. Phil. Acad., 1855, 434—Jordan, Man. Vert., 
1878, 23. 
