109 
Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., xiii, 1870, 188 (lowa).—Gray, Ann. and 
Mag. Nat. Hist., 8d ser., xx, 1867, 426 (vars. “major” et “niger’’). 
1830. Sciwrus leucotis, Gapper, Zool. Journ., v, 1830, 206, pl. xi (based on 
Canada specimens).—Bachman, Proc. Zodl. Soc. Lond., 1838, 
96; Charlesworth’s Mag. Nat. Hist., iii, 1839, 385 ; Amer. Journ. 
' Sci. and Arts, xxxvii, 1839, 298.—EKmmons, Quad. Mass., 1840, 
66—DeKay, New York Zool., i, 1842, 57, pl. xviii, fig. 1.— 
Wagener, Suppl. Schreber’s Saust., 111, 1843, 160.—Schinz, Synop. 
Mam., ii, 1845, 8. 
1842. Sciurus vulpinus, DeKay, N. Y. Zool., 1842, 59 (winter pelage). 
1849. Sciurus migratorius, Aud. & Bach., Quad. N. Amer., i, 1849, 265, pl. 
xxxv.—Kennicott, U. 8. Patent Office Rep., Agr., for 1856-57, 
62, pl. vi—Adams, Field and Forest Rambles, 1873, 296 (west- 
: ern and south-western parts of New Brunswick). 
1874. Sciwrus carolinensis var. leucotis, Allen, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., 
xvii, 1874, 287; Mon. N. A. Rodentia, 1877, 700. 
Description.—The Northern Gray Squirrel, varies in length of body, 
from nine to eleven and one-half inches, average length ten and one-half 
inches; tail vertebra, eight inches, varying from seven to nine; tail to end 
_ of hairs eleven and one-half, varying from ten to twelve and one-half 
inches. It is whitish-gray above, with a dorsal area and lateral line 
brownish-yellow, with a more or less fulvous suffusion beneath the sur- 
face of the pelage, which shows somewhat through the surface tints; 
beneath, white. Varies through dusky and annulated phases to intense 
glossy-black. Tail with the hairs yellowish-brown basally, with narrow, 
black annulations, and a broad, conspicuous sub-terminal black bar, the 
hairs all broadly tipped with white, giving a white surface tint, through 
which the colors above mentioned may be seen. Ears not tufted, with 
or without a conspicuous woolly tuft of white at the base posteriorly. 
The above characters separate var. /eucotis from carolinensis, the Southern 
Gray Squirrel, which is smailer and has the general cclor of dorsal sur- 
face yellowish-brown, instead of whitish-gray. 
The general colors above, give, in var. leucotis, a whitish-gray tint, 
especially marked northward and in winter specimens; while. the 
general color above, of var. carolinensis, is mixed yellowish-brown and 
black. 
Toe dusky phases of carolinensis are local in their occurrence, often 
wholly unknown over wide areas; they occur more frequently near the 
Great Lakes than further southward. Where the pure black phase oc- 
curs, usually every intermediate stage may he found, from the ordinary 
type to the glossy-black. 
