CARULEAN WARBLER. 949 
This beautiful species is aberrant in the decided difference in pattern 
of coloration and colors of the sexes, and in the sameness of colors in fall 
and spring plumage. In some young males the olive gloss is so marked 
as almost to constitute a green patch on the back. The white spot at 
base of primaries is not so diagnostic as stated in the above description. 
I have seen females in which no trace of it could be discovered on the 
closesiinspection. While with us in spring the male has a short but 
varied song, rather a chant than a warble. ) 
The Black-throated Blue Warbler has been found breeding in evergreen 
woods in New York, aad in deep woods in Connecticut. In all cases 
the nest is placed in the fork of a bush or small tree withit a few 
inches of the ground. It is composed of grape-vine bark, rootlets and 
vegetable down. They measure from .70 by .50 to .61 by .47; they are 
white witha “ring of brown and lilac spots and blotches around the larger 
end, and a few minute spots of the same scattered over the entire surface,” 
often marked with a large spot of deep umber. 
DmenpRa@oA CHRULEA (Wils ) Bd. 
Ceerulean Warbler. 
Sylvia azgurea, KIRTLAND, Ohio Geolog. Surv., 1838, 163, 1&2. 
Sylvia rara. KIRTLAND, Am. Journ. Sci. and Arts, x], 1841; 21. 
Dendroica cwrulea, Bairp, P. R. R. Rep., ix, 1858, 267, 280.—Barrv, BREWER and Ripe- 
WAY, N. A. Birds, i, 1874, 236—WHEaTON, Ohio Agric. Rep. for 1860, 1861, 364, 374 ; 
Reprint, 6, 16. : 
Dendreca coerulea, WHWATON, in Coues’ Birds N. W., 1674, 233; Food of Birds, ete., Ohio 
Agric. Rep. for 1874, 1875, 653; Reprint, 3.—LANGDON, Cat. Birds of Cin., 1877, 5; 
Journ. Cin, See., Nat Hist., i, 1878, 113; Reprint, 4; Revised List, Journ. Cin. Soc. 
, 
Nat. Hist:, i, 1879, 191 ;. Reprint, 5. 
-Ceruizan Warbler, KIRTLAND, Am. Journ. Sci. and Arts, xili, 1852, 218. 
Sylvia cerulea, WILSON, Am. Orn., 11, 1810, 141. 
Sylvia rara, Watson, Am. Orn., iii, 1811, 119. 
Sylvia azured, STePpHzNns, Shaws’ Genl. Zool., x, 1817, 653. 
Dendreca cerulea, SCLATER, Cat. Am. Birds, 1862, 31. 
Male, in spring: azure blue, with black streaks; below, pure white, breast and sides with 
blue or blue-black streaks; two white wing bars; tail blotchessmall, but eccupying every 
feather, except, perhaps, the central pair; bill black; feet dark. Female and young 
with the blue strongly glossed with greenish, and the white soiled with yellowish; a 
yellowish eye ring and snperciliary line. Length 4-43. 
Habitat, Eastern United States. Not common in most places. 
Abundant summer resident. Breeds. The Blue or Cerulean Warbler 
is, perhaps, with the exception of the Yellow Warbler, the most abundant 
of the genus which remains in Central Ohio through the summer. It 
arrives usually during the last week in April and remains until the lat- 
ter part of July, perhaps later, They are never seen in large flocks dur- 
