282 BIRDS—SYLVICOLIDA. 
Muscicapa canadensis, LiNN2vS, Syst. Nat., i, 1766, 327. 
Sylvia pardalina, BONAPARTE, Journ. Phila. Acad., iv, 1824, 179. 
Sylvicola pardalina, BONAPARTE, Geog. and Comp. List, 1838, 22. 
Myiodioctes canadensis, AUDUBON, Syn., 1839, 40. 
Bluish ash; crown speckled with lanceolate black marks, crowded and generally con- 
tinuous on the forehead; the latter divided lengthwise by a slight yellow line; short 
superciliary line and edges of eyelids yellow; lores black, continuous with black under 
the eye, and this passing 98 a chain of black streaks down the side of the neck, and 
prettily encircling the thruat like a necklace; excepting these streaks and the white 
under tail coverts, the entire under parts are clear yellow; wings and tail unmarked ; 
feet flesh-color. In the female and young the black is obs«ure or much restricted. aud 
the back may be slightly glossed with olive. Length abont 54; wing 24; tail 24. 
Habitat, Eastern North America; south to Mexico, Central America, and Ecuador; 
west to the Plains. 
Rather common migrant in spring; more rare in fall. Arrives about 
the middle of May and returns in September. The habits of this species 
are not essentially different from those of the two preceeding species, ex- 
cept that while with usit appears to be more decidedly arboreal. I have 
almost invariably found it well up in the branches of trees, and never 
about low bushes. I have never seen it in the fall, but Mr. Langdon 
records its capture in September. A spring specimen in my collection 
has the black necklace very faint or obsolete. 
The Canada Fly-catcher breeds from Massachusetts northward. The 
nest is described by Dr. Brewer as placed in a tussock of grass in a swamp. 
It is large for the size of the bird, and composed of fibres o' bark, leaves, 
and rootlets. The eggs are five, white, ‘beautifully marked with dots 
and small blotches of blended brown, purple, and violet, varying in 
shades and tints, and grouped in a wreath around the larger end.” 
GENUS SETOPHAGA. Swainson. 
Bill much depressed. Rictal bristles reaching half way from nostrils to tip. Wings 
equal to tail. External tail feathers as in Myiodioctes. Tarsi long; tees short; middle 
toe without claw about half the tarsus. 
SETOPHAGA RUTICILLA (L.) Sw. 
Iredstart. 
Muscicapa ruticilla, KIRTLAND, Ohio Geolog. Surv., 1838, 163. 
Setophaga ruticilla, Read, Fam. Visitor, iii, 1853, 367; Proc. Phila. Acad. Nat. Sci., vi, 
1853, 395.—Bairp, P. R. R. Rep, ix, 1458, 298—Wuraton, Ohio Agric. Rep. for 
1860, 364; Reprint, 1861, 6; Food of Birds, etc., Ohio Agric. Rep. for 1874, 564; Re- 
print, 1875, 4—Lanepon, Cat. Birds of Cin., 1877, 6; Revised List, Journ. Cin. Soe. 
Nat. Hist., i, 1879, 173; Reprint, 7.—BREWER, Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, iv, 1879, 113. 
Muscicapa ruticilla, LINNZUS, Syst. Nat., 1766, 326. 
Selophaga ruticilla, SWAINSON, Zool. Journ., iii, 1827, 360. 
