PHILADELPHIA VIREO. 299 
Abundant summer resident from the last week in April to October. 
Breeds. The Red-eyed Vireo is the most abundant species of the family 
with us. It frequents woodland, though often seen in opon places, and 
even in cities, especially during the migrations. Its song is shorter, 
louder, and more vigorous than that of the Warbling Vireo. Its call note 
is short and harsh. Both are heard during the whole day. The Red- 
eyed Vireo, like all others of the family, subsists chiefly upon insects 
which he captures on the wing like the true fly-catchers, and hunts for 
on the branches and leaves In the fall, however, it becomes quite fru- 
givorous, feeding upon various berries. Its plumage is frequently soiled 
with the red juice of the pokeberry. 
The nest of this bird, as of all others of the family, is pensile, its rim 
being attached to the horizontal fork of a twig. It is usually placed from 
five to twenty-five feet of the ground. The walls are thin, composed for: 
the most part of vegetable fibres, which are bleached to a uniform wood 
color, and firmly felted together; the lining is of grass, sometimes mingled 
with horsehairs and bits of newspapers. The eggs are pure white, 
sparsely marked with small round spots of very dark brown. They 
measure about .85 by .56. 
VIREO PHILADELPHICUS (Cassin) Bd. 
Philadelphia Vireo. 
Vireo philadelphicus, BAIRD, P. R. R. Rep., ix, 1858, 335.—WHEATON, Ohio Agric. Rep. for 
e §€©1860, 1861, 365, 374; Reprint, 7, 16; in Coues’ Birds N. W., 1874, 233; Food of Birds, 
éte., Ohio Agric. Rep. for 1874, 1875, 565; Reprint, 5—LANGDON, Cat. Birds of Cin., 
1877, 7; Journ. Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist., i, 1878, 114; Reprint, 5. 
Vireosylvia philadelphica, BAIRD, Rev. Am. Birds, 1865, 34. 
Vireosylvia philadelphicus, BAIRD, BREWER and Ripeway, N. A. Birds, i, 1874, 367.— 
i LANGDON, Revised List, Journ. Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist., i, 1879, 173; Reprint, 7. 
Vireosylvia philadelphica, CASsIN, Proc. Phila. Acad., 1851, 153. 
Above, dull olive-green, brightening on the rump, fading insensibly into ashy on the 
crown, which is not bordered with blackish; a dull white superciliary line; below, 
palest possible yellowish, whitening on throat and belly, slightly olive-shaded on sides ; 
sometimes a slight creamy or buffy shade throughout the under parts; no obvious 
wing-bars; no spurious quill. Length, 44-54; wing, about 22; tail, about 24; bill, 
hardly or about 4; tarsus, $. 
Habitat, Eastern North America, especially the Mississippi Valley; north to Hudson’s 
Bay ; south to Guatemala. Rare in the Atlantic States and New England. 
Not very common but regular spring and fall migrant, in May and 
September. The Philadelphia Vireo is one of the most interesting of 
the family, because of its comparatively recent discovery and general 
rarity. It frequents woodland and the wooded borders of streams. I 
