LOGGERHEAD SHRIKE. 309 
and streaked with blotches of obscure-purple, clay-color, and rufous- 
brown.” 
LANIUS LUDOVICIANUs Linnzeus. 
var. LUDOVICIANUS Cs. 
loggerhead Shrike. 
Collyrio ludovicianus, WHEATON, Reprint Ohio Agric. Rep. for 1860, 1861, 21, (probable). 
Collurio ludovicianus, WHEATON, in Coues’ Birds of N. W., 1874, 233; Food of Birds, ete., 
Ohio Agric. Rep. for 1874, 565; Reprint, 1875, 5—LaNne@pon, Cat. Birds of Cin., 1877, 
8: Journ. Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist., i, 1878, 114; Reprint, 8. 
Collurio ludovicianus, var. ludovicianus, LANGDON, Revired List, Journ. Cin. Soe. Nat. 
Hist., i, 1879, 174; Reprint, 8; Bull. Nutt Orn. Club, iv, 1879, 120. 
Lanius ludovicianus, var. ludovicianus, COUES, Birds of Col. Val, i, 1878, 563, 
Lanius ludovicianus, BRISSON, Orn., ii, 1760, 162 (not binomial).— Linn aus, Syst. Nat., i, 
1766, 134. 
Collyrio ludovicianus, BairD, Birds N. Am., 1858, 325. 
Collurio ludovicianus, BAIRD, Rev. N. A. Birds, 1666, 443. 
Siate colored, slightly whitish on the rump and scapulars; below, white, with a few 
obscure wavy black lines, or none; black bar on one side of the head, meeting its fellow 
across the forehead, not interrupted by white on under eyelid, and scarcely or not bor- 
dered above by hoary white; otherwise like borealis in color, but smaller; 8-8}; wing, 
about 4; tail rather more. | 
Habitat, South Atlantic and Gulf States; north to Mississippi and Ohio Valley, and 
recently (?) extending to New York, Connecticut, Massachusetts, and even Maine. 
California. 
Common summer resident in Middle, less common in Northern and 
Southern Ohio. Arrives during the first week in March, noted March 
4th for several consecutive years, and remains until September. First 
ascertained to occur in Ohio by myself in 1874, a female specimen, taken 
May 31, 1878, on which my note in Coues’ Birds of the Northwest was in 
part based, proving a nearly typical specimen of this variety. Her 
mate was an equally well marked individual of var. excubitoroides. Since 
then it has continued to be our commonest bird of the family. Mr. 
Langdon gave it as rare in 1877, mentions its increasing numbers and 
breeding in 1878, and considers it an uncommon resident in 1879. 
The recognized range of this species has changed greatly within a 
few years. As late as 1874, the highest authorities confined it to the 
Southern States, though it had previously been noted in [llinois by 
Holder in 1861, and in Wisconsin by Dr. Hoy in 1353, who also includes 
excubttoroides in his list. Since then the species, especially this variety, 
seems to have vastly extended eastward, having been found in most of 
the above named States breeding. 
The habits cf the Loggerhead are essentially the same as those of the 
