440) BIRDS—COLUMBID&. 
north of the Ohio River, has heretofore rested solely on Audubon’s account of its range, 
which has been quoted by all subsequent writers; and, being essentially a southern 
species, its capture here, at a time when the Ohio River was frozen over and the ground 
covered with several inches of snow, seems worthy of remark. I have identified this 
species here satisfactorily to myself, on two previous oevasions, both in winter, but have 
never seen the ‘ Turkey Buzzard’ (C. aura) at that season, although it is quite common 
during the summer.” 
The Black Vulture, like the Turkey Buzzard, breeds on or near the 
ground. The eggs are twoin number, yellowish-white or cream-color, — 
blotched with dark reddish-brown. They measure about 3.50 by 2 inches, 
and are said to average a pound in weight. 
ORDER COLUMBA. COLUMBINE BIRDS. 
FAMILY COLUMBIDA. PIGEONS. 
In addition to ordinal characters, given on page 200, the feathers with thickened, 
spongy rachis loosely inserted in the skin. Head completely feathered, excepting some- 
times a circum-orbital space. Tarsi naked or only feathered a little way above. Tail 
of twelve feathers, or lengthened, cuneate, and of fourteen. 
Genus ECTOPISTES. Swainson. 
Tarsi shorter than lateral toes; feathered above; inner toe longer than outer; tail of — 
12 feathers, very long, cuneate, about equal the wing; Ist primary longest. 
EKcToPIsTES MACRURA (L.) Coues. 
Wild Pigeon. 
Columba migratoria, W1Lson, Am. Orn., i, 1808, 102.—K1rTLAND, Ohio Geolog. Surv., 1838, 
164.—RuaD, Proc. Phila. Acad. Nat. Sci., vi, 1853, 395. 
Ectopistes migratoria, KIRTLAND, Family Vistor, i, 1850, 1833.—WEaToN, Ohio Agric. 
Rep., 1860, 367; Reprint, 1861.—BarirD, BREWER and RipGway, iii, 1874, 373. 
Ectopistes migratorius, WHEATON, Food of Birds, etc., Ohio Agric. Rep. for 1874, 571; 
Reprint, 1875, 11 —Lane@pon, Cat. Birds of Cin., 1877, 13. 
Eectopistes macroura, LANGDON, Revised List, Journ. Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist., i, 1879, 181; 
Reprint, 15. 
Columba macroura, LINNAUS, Syst. Nat., i, 1758, 164. 
Columba migratoria, LINNAUS, Syst. Nat., 1, 1760, 285. 
Ectopistes migratoria, SWAINSON, Zool, Journ., iii, 1827, 355. 
Ectopistes macroura, COUES, Birds N. W., 1874, 766. 
Ectopistes niacrura, Cours, Bull. U. S. Geolog. and Geog. Surv., iv, No. 3, 1878, 628, 
Adult male dull blue above with olivaceous tinge on back, below dull purplish-red, 
whitening on vent and crissum; sides of neck golden and ruby; some wing-coverts 
black-spotted; quills blackish, with slaty, whitish and rufous edging; middle tail 
feathers bluish-black, the others white or ashy, the inner webs basally black with chest- 
nut patch; bill black; feet coral-red ; female and young duller and more brownish or 
