442 BIRDS—-COLUMBID. 
On several occasions we have been favored with a general migration 
of these birds, when they have appeared, as described by Wilson, in ‘“‘con- 
gsregated millions.” This was the case in 1854, when the light of the 
sun was perceptably obscured by the immense, unbroken, and apparently 
limitless flock which for several hours passed over this city. In the fall 
of 1859 I witnessed a similar migration near Granville, Licking county, 
since which time the birds have been much less numerous. On this oc- 
casion I had an opportunity of observing a large flock while feed- 
ing. The flock, after a little circling by the foremost ranks, alighted 
upon the ground, presenting a front of over a quarter of a mile, with a 
depth of nearly a hundred yards. In a very few moments those in the 
rear, finding the ground already stripped of mast, arose above the tree 
tops and alighted in frontof the advancecolumn. This movement soon 
became continucus and uniform, birds from the rear flying to the front so 
rapidly that the whole presented the appearance of a rolling cylinder 
having a diameter of about fifty yards, its interior filled with flying leaves 
and grass. The noise was deafening and the sight confusing to the mind.: 
During the last ten years Pigeons have appeared irregularly, but 
usually in spring and fall, insmall flocks. Sometimes these linger about 
swampy woodlands for several days. Possibly they may breed in 
detached parties, but no such instance is known to me. 
The Wild Pigeon breeds in vast communities. The nest of sticks is 
placed in a small tree ; the eggs, two, pure white, measure 1.45 by 1.05. 
GENUS ZENAXDURA. Bonaparte. 
Tarsi stout, longer than lateral toes, bare of feathers; inner toe longer than outer ; 
tail of 14 feathers, long, graduated ; 2d primary longest. Circum-orbital space naked. 
ZENEDURA CAROLINENSIS (L.) Bp. 
Carolina MDove. 
Columba carolinensis, KIRTLAND, Ohio Geolog. Surv., 1838, 164.—R«EaD, Proc. Phila. Acad. 
Nat. Sci., vi, 1853, 395. 
Zenaidura carolinensis, BAIRD, P. R. R. Rep., vol. ix, 1858, 605—WHEATON, Ohio Agric. 
Rep. for 1860, 367; Reprint, 1861, 9.—LaNGpon, Cat. Birds of Cin., 1877, 13; Jour. 
Cin. Soe. Nat. Hist., i, 1878, 116; Reprint, 7; Revised List, Journ. Cin. Soc. Nat. 
Hist. i, 1879, 181; Reprint, 15. 
Zenedura carolinensis, WHEATON, Food of Birds, etc., Ohio Agric. Rep. for 1874, 571; Re- 
print, 1875, 11—LAaNGpon, Summer Birds, ib., ili, 1880, 226. 
Carolina Deve, BALLOU, Field and Forest, ili, 1878, 136, 
Columba carolinensis LINNZUS, Syst. Nat., i, 1766, 286. 
Zenaidura carolinensis, BONAPARTE, Consp., ii, 1854, 84. 
