A448 BIRDS—PERDICID A. 
neither is it a Pheasant, the former name being most appropriately applied 
to the birds of a Sub-family of Perdicide found in the Old World, and which 
is more nearly applicable to the bird commonly called Quail, than to the 
Ruffed Grouse. On the other hand it is still farther removed from the 
Old World family of Phastanide which embraces the Pheasants. 
The nest of the Ruffed Grouse is placed on the ground. It is com- 
posed of a few leaves, without any attempt at construction. The eggs are 
from seven to ten in number. They are usually of a uniform dark cream 
color, but sometimes blotched with a darker shade of the same. They 
measure 1.60 by 1.15. 
HWAU MEA EES DM CD RANe Eh a eAVEy ay reste Calinee 
Size small. Tarsi, toes, and nasal fosse naked. Head completely feathered. No 
peculiar feathers or tympanum on sides of neck. Nospurs. Plumage not iridesscent. 
Sub-family ODONTOPHORIN A. American PaRTRIDGES. 
Bill stout. the lower mandible more or less bidentate on each side near the end. 
GENUS ORTYX. Stephens. 
Head without crest. Tail not much more than half the wings; outstreached feet 
reaching beyond tail. 
ORTYX VIRGINIANUS (L.) Jardine. 
Virginia Partridge; Quail; Bob-white. 
Perdix virginiana, Witson, Am. Orn, vi, 1812, 21.—AUDUBON, Orn. Biog., i, 1831, 388.— 
KIRTLAND, Prelim. Rep. Ohio Geolog. Surv., 1838, 67; Ohio Geolog. Surv., 1838, 164. 
Ortyx virginiana, AUDUBON, B. Am., vi, 1812, 21—Rkap, Proc. Phila. Acad. Nat. Sci., vi. 
1853, 395. 
Ortyx virginianus, WHEATON, Ohio Agric. Rep. for 1860, 1861, 367; Reprint, 9; Food of 
Birds, etc., Ohio Agric. Rep. for 1874, 1875, 571; Reprint, 11.—LANGDoN, Cat. Birds 
of Cin., 1877, 14; Journ. Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist., i, 1878, 116; Reprint, 7; Revised List, 
Journ. Cin. Soc. Nat Hist., i, 1879, 181; Reprint, 15; Summer Birds, ib, iii, 1880, 
226 —JONES and SHULZE, Illust. Nests and Eggs, Pt. 6, Pl. XVIII. 
Quail, KIRTLAND, Fam. Visitor, i, 1850, 1. 
Tetrao virginianus, LINNZUS, Syst. Nat., i, 1776, 277. 
Perdix virginianus, LATHAM, Ind. Orn., ii, 1790, 650. 
Ortyx virginianus, JARDINE, Nat. Lib. Birds, iv. —, 110. 
Coronal feathers erectile but not forming a true crest. Forehead, superciliary line 
and throat white, bordered with black; crown, neck all round and upper part of 
breast brownish-red, other under parts tawny-whitish, all with more or fewer doubly 
crescentic black bars; sides broadly streaked with brownish-red ; upper parts variegated 
with chestnut, black, gray and tawny, the latter edging theinner quills. Female known 
