WHITE-FRONTED GOOSE. 517 
Size and color of the last species, except a yellow spot on bill near base. Bill not 
longer than the head; nostrils median. Tail (normally) of twenty feathers. 
Habitat, Continent of North America; breeding only in the far North; wintering in 
the United States. Accidental in Scotland. 
Not common, spring and fall migrant, perhaps also winter resident. 
More numerous on Lake Erie than elsewhere, though occurring generally 
thoughout the State. Mr. Langdon gives it as a rare migrant. In 
March, 1877, I saw several specimens from Western Ohio, and the Scioto — 
and Muskingum River. Most of these were in full plumage, a few with 
reddish-brown on headand neck. Young birds of this species sometimes 
want the yellow spot at the base of the bill. 
Sir John Richardson, quoted by Dr. Coues, says: 
“Common all along the Yukon. Arrives with the Geese about May 1, but in a con- 
trary direction, coming down. instead of up the Yukon. Breeds in the great marshes 
near the Yukon mouth. The eggs, two in number, vary from pure white to fulvons, as 
do the parents on the head and neck, apparently without regard to age. The eggs are 
usually in a tussock quite surrounded with water, so that the female must sometimes 
set with her feet in the water. They are usually laid about May 21 at Nulato, but later 
at the Yukon mouth. In July the Swans moult and cannot fly, and the Indians have 
great sport spearing them with bone tridents. They are very shy birds, and usually 
shot on the wing or with a buliet. This species, if hung long enough, is tender, well- 
flavored, and excellent eating.” 
Sub-family ANSERINE. Geese. 
Head completely feathered, tarsi reticulate; neck shorter than in Swans, and legs 
longer than in Ducks. Bill rather short, high, compressed, tapering. Sexes alike. Size 
large. 
Gz=NUSs ANSER. Linnzus. 
Bill as long as the head, the laminz prominent. Hind toe long, its tip reaching to the 
ground. Bill and feet bright colored. 
ANSER ALBIFRONS Gm. 
var. GAMBELI (Hartl.) @s. 
American White-fronted Goose. 
Anser albifrons, KIRTLAND, Ohio Geolog. Surv., 1838, 166, 186. 
Anser gambelii, WHEATON, Ohio Agric. Rep. for 1860, 369, 378; Reprint, 1861, 11, 20. 
Anser albifrons, var. gambeli, WHEATON, Food of Birds, ete., Ohio Agric. Rep. for 1874, 
574 5 Reprint, 1875, 14.—Lanapon, Cat. Birds of Cin., 1877, 16; Journ. Cin. Soc. Nat. 
Hist., i, 1878, 117; Reprint, 8; Revised List, Journ. Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist., i, 1879, 
185; Reprint, 19. 
White-fronted Goose, KIRTLAND, Fam. Visitor, i, 1850, 72. 
Anas albifrons, GMELIN, Syst., Nat., i, 1788, 509. 
Anser albifrons, BECHSTEIN, Naturg., iv., 898. 
Anser gambeli, HARTLAUB, R. M. Z., 1852, 7. 
Anser albifrons, var. gambeli, CoUES, Key, 1872, 282. 
