GLOSSARY. 621 
Booted. Waving the tarsal envelope entire, i. e, undivided in most or all of its extent, 
by fusion of the usual scales or plates. 
Breast. Anterior portion of lower part of trunk between jugulum and abdomen; prop- 
erly the region overlying and containing the breast-bone, but generally restricted to 
the more forward swelling portion of such region. 
Brisile. Small, stiff, hair-like feather, especially about the mouth or eyes. 
C 
Caecum. Intestinal cul-de-sac at junction of smaller and larger intestines, usually pre- 
sent paired in birds; sometimes a foot long. 
Calcareous. Chalky. 
Canthus. Corner of eye where the lids meet; commissural! point of eyelids. 
Caput. Head. 
Carinate. Keeled; ridged beneath as if keeled; having a keel, as the sternum of most 
birds. 
Carneous. Fleshy. 
Carotid. The principle blood vessel of the neck, single in most birds, sometimes paired 
as in mammalia. 
Carpal Angle. Prominence formed at the wrist joint when the wing is closed. It is an 
important point regionally, since the universally used measurement “ length of wing,” 
is from this point to the end of the longest quill. 
Cere. Fleshy, cutaneous or membranous, often feathered, covering of base of bill of many 
birds, as parrots, hawks and owls. 
Cervical. Pertaining to the hind-neck, as, a cervical collar. 
Cervix. The hind-neck; from occiput to interscapulium, including nape and scruff. 
Cheek. Outside of base of lower jaw; also the corresponding region of upper jaw. 
Chin. Space between forks of lower jaws. 
Ciliated. Bristly; faroished with bristles or small bristle-like feathers; fringed. 
Clavicle. Collar-bone, In birds the two clavicles usually unite to form the furculum, 
merry-thought or wish-bone. 
Collar. Ring of color around neck. 
Coloration. Coloring; pattern or mode of coloring, or the colors collectively. 
Commissure. Line of closure of the two mandibles; track or trace of their opposed edges 
when the jaws are closed. 
Compressed. Narrowed sidewise; higher than wide. 
Coracoid. A large stout bone connecting shoulder with sternum. 
Crest. Any lengthened feathers on top or sides of head. 
Crissum. Properly the under tail-coverts collectively. Oftener used to designate the 
circum-anai plumage. 
Crown. Pileus; top of head, especially the vertex. 
Culmen. Ridge of upper mandibie ; highest median lengthwise line of the bill. 
Cuneate, cuneiform. Wedge-shaped. A cuneate tail has the middle feathers longest, the 
rest sucessively regularly shortened. 
D 
Deciduous. Temporary ; falling early. The dorsal plumes of the egret are deciduous. 
Decomposed. Separate; standing apart. A decomposed crest has the feathers standing 
away from each other. 
