SUMMER GREEN SNAKE. 695 
LIOPELTIS VERNALIS DeKay. 
Green or Grass Snake. 
Coluber vernalis, DEKAY, HARLAN, STORER, KIRTLAND, HOLBROOK, THOMPSON. 
Chloresoma vernalis, BAIRD and GIRARD. 
Herpetodryas vernalis, HALLOWELL. 
Cyclophis vernalis, GUNTHER, COPE. 
LTiopeltis vernalis, COPE, JORDAN. 
Color uniform bright dark-green above; paler beneath, sometimes nearly white; color 
in alcohol pale-blue ; vertical plate elongated pentagonal; rostral large; upper labials, 
six, lower, eight; eyes large, above the third and fourth upper labials ; inframaxillaries 
reaching to the sixth lower labial; gastrosteges, 129-140; nrosteges, 70-95. Length, 14 
feet; head, # inch; tail, 4% inches; transverse diameter of head, 5 lines; of neck, 4 
lines; circumference of body, 14 inches. 
Habitat, Maine, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, New York, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, 
Ohio, Michigan, Illinois, Nebraska, Montana and Colorado, to Florida and New Mexico. 
This beautiful little snake frequents marshes, is quick and lively in its 
movements, and is occasionally found in every part of Ohio. 
GENUS CYCLOPHIS. Giinther. 
Body long and slender; head moderately large; teeth equal, smooth; eye rather 
large; cephalic plates normal; postfrontals and prefrontals each a pair; postorbitals 
two; anteorbitals one; nasals one; loral present; occipitals large; vertical elongated ; 
inframaxillaries long; dorsal scales sub-elliptical, in 17 rows, carinated ; gastrosteges, 
155-165; urosteges, 110-135; ana! plate bifid. 
CycLopHis msrivos Linneeus. 
Summer Greem Snake. 
Coluder estivus, LINNZUS, HARLAN. 
Leptophis estivus, BELL, HOLBROOK. 
Herpetodryas estivus, SCHLEGEL, DUMERIL and BrBRON, HALLOWELL, 
Anguis viridis, CATESBY. 
Cyclophis estivus, GUNTHER, COPE, JORDAN. 
Opheadrys estivus, FITZINGER, COPE. 
Leptophis wstivus, et majalis, BAIRD and GIRARD. 
General color above reddish-green, in alcohol changing to blue; beneath yellowish to 
greenish-white ; upper labials and lower jaw for the most part white ; vertical plate sub- 
pentagonal, longer than broad, but not equal to commissural line of occipitals; upper 
labials, 7, lower, 8; mouth deeply eleft ; commissure curved; eye over third and fourth 
upper labial; inframaxillaries extending to seventh lower labial ; scales in 17 rows, all 
carinated except the three outer; gastrosteges, 155-158; urosteges, 125-135. Length, 25 
inches; head, 8lines; tail, 11 inches; transverse diameter of head, 4 lines; of neck, 3 
lines; circumference of body, 15 lines. 
