72 AMPHIBIA—BUFONIDA. 
* Maxillary teeth present in the upper jaw. a. 
* Maxillary teeth wanting. 0. 
a. Tips of toes undilated. ec. 
a. Tips of toes dilated, forming disks. . : : ‘ , : . HYLIDzA. 
b. Parotoids present; toes palmate. Meee 5 «WP GOA 181 og yO RSna DYE} 
b. Parotoids none ; toes distinct. 6 : 5 : Russ ENGYSTOMIDZ, 
c. Parotoids present. ; : : : ‘ ‘ ALYTIDA. 
ce. Parotoids none. : : : HON : RANIDZ. 
Alytidw, extralimital, characterized by a stout, toad like body; parotoids present; 
upper maxillary and vomer dentigerous; tongue rounded, nearly entire, slightly, if at 
all, free behind; ear perfect; pupil of eye vertical; toes undilated, palmate; sacral 
diapophyses dilated; vertebra pro- or opisthocelian; manubrium eartilaginous, and 
usually the cuneiform bone developed into a kind of shovel, an adaptation to their fos- 
sorialfhabits, has two North America genera, Spea and Scaphiopus ; the latter, with three 
species, of which Scaphiopus holbrookit, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., 1863, p. 54, and 
_ DeKay’s Reptiles of N. Y., p. 66, ranges from Massachusetts, Connecticut, New York, 
‘Maryland, to South Carolina, Florida, and Mississippi. It digs with celerity and soon 
buries itself, pairs and oviposits within a few hours after awaking in spring. 
Engystomide, extralimital, has no maxillary teeth, no parotoid, no epicoracoid, but with 
a perfect ear, undilated distinct toes, and dilated sacral diapophyses, is represented 
in North America, by one species Engystoma carolinense, Holbrook, North American 
Herp., v. p. 23, whieh ranges from Sonth Carolina, Georgia, and Florida, to Louisiana, 
and Mississippi. ‘‘ Mexico.” 
FAMILY BUFONIDA. THE TOADS. 
Posterior feet scarcely as long as the body ; fingers four; toes five, palmate and un- 
dilated ; skin usually warty; parotoids very large; ear perfectly developed; mouth 
edentulous; tongue large, fleshy, attached in front, entire and free behind, and capable 
of being used as an instrument of prehension; sacral diapophyses dilated ; acromion 
and coracoid connected by a cartilaginous arch ; cuneiform bone usually prolonged into 
a distinet plantar tubercle ; terrestrial and necturnal. 
GENUS BUFO. lLaurenti. 
Body very rough and warty; head short; crown flat, or with slight ridges; tongue 
elliptical; nauzzle rounded or truncated; males generally with an internal yvoeal sac, 
which communicates with the mouth by two orifices; lateral cutaneous folds wanting ; 
parotoid with distinct pores. 
BurFO LENTIGINOSUS Shaw. 
American Toad. 
Rana terrestris, CATESBY. 
Rana musica, LINN AUS. 
Bufo lentiginosus, SHAW, GUNTHER, COPE. 
Bufo musicus, LATREILLE, DAUDIN, MERREM, GRAVENHORST. 
Telmatobius lentiginosus, LECONTE. 
Bufo americanus, HOLBROOK, DEKAY, STORER. 
