GOLDEN RED HORSE. 827 
Myxostoma velata, JORDAN, Man. Vert., 2d Ed., 1878, 317; Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., xii, 
1678, 132. 
Piychostomus collapsus, Cope, Proc. Am. Philos. Soc. Phila., 1870, 471. 
Description —Body stout, deep, compressed, the back elevated; head short, heavy, flat= 
tish and broad above, thick through the checks; eye rather large, midway in head, four 
to five in its length; muzzle rather prominent, bluntish, overhanging the very small 
mouth ; fins very large ; the dorsal long and high, its height five-sixths the length of the 
head ; pectorals nearly reaching ventrals; mouth quite small, the lips plicate, the lower 
lip infolded, A-shaped when viewed from below, with a distinct median crease, in which 
the two halves of the lips meet, forming an acute angle; color silvery, smoky above, 
lower fins red; head 3% to 44; depth 3 to 4; D. 15 to 17; scales 6-42-5. Length 1 foot. 
Habitat, Upper Mississippi Valley to Georgia and North Carolina, widely distributed, 
but not generaliy abundant. 
Diagnosis —This species may be known by the small and contracted 
mouth, in connection with the presence of 15 or more dorsal rays. 
Habits.—This species is frequently taken in the Ohio River and its 
tributaries, but it is not abundant anywhere in the west. In some of 
the streams of North Carolina, it is the commonest species. It is little 
valued as food. This seems to be the species called White Nose by Dr. 
Kirtland, but more than one species is apparently included in his 
description. . 
44. MyxosroMa ANISURUM (Rafinesque) Jordan. 
Long-tailed Red Horse. 
Catostomus anisurus, RAFINESQUE, Ichthyologia Ohiensis, 1820, 54. 
Myxostoma anisura, JORDAN, Man. Vert, 2d Ed., 1868, 315. 
Ptychostomus breviceps, COPE, Prec, Am. Philos. Soc. Phila, 1870, 478. 
Teretulus breviceps, JORDAN and COPELAND, Check List, 1876, 157. (Namie only.) 
Moxostoma breviceps, JORDAN and GILBERT, in Klippart’s Rept., 1876, 53. (Name only.) 
Myxostoma breviceps, JORDAN, Bull. U. 8S. Nat. Mus, 1877, 9, 50. (Name only.) 
Description —Body compressed, the back somewhat elevated; head short, conic, 
flattish, formed as in M7. aureolum; mouth very small, the lips plicate, the lower full and 
truncate behind ; dorsal fin short and high, falcate, the anterior rays being elevated, 
and the free border deeply incised, the height of the largest rays being half greater than 
the base of the fin; caudal fin with the upper lobe much longer than the lower, falcate, 
at least in the adult; colors olivaceous, sides silvery with coppery reflections; head 
54; depth 34; D. 12 or 13; scales 6-46-5. Length one foot. 
Habitat, Ohio Valley. 
Diagnosis.—This species is very close to M. aureolum, and may indeed 
be the male of that species. It may be known from the other Red Horse 
by the inequality of the lobes of the caudal. 
Habiis.—{ have seen a few specimens of this in the United States 
Museum, obtained in the Cincinnati market. Prof. Cope’s types came 
from Western Pennsylvania, further than this nothing is known of its 
habits or distribution. / 
