870 
f FISHES—DOROSOMATID. 
88. DoRos0MA CEPEDIANUM (LeSueur) Gill. 
@izzZard Shad; Biickory Shad. 
var, cepedianum (Kast Coast, marine form.) 
Megatops cepediana, LESUEUR, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., i, 1817, 361. 
Chatoessus cepedianus, CUV. et VAL., Hist. Nat. des Poiss., xxi, 99.—GUNTHER, Cat. Fish. 
Brit. Mus., vii, 409. 
Dorosoma cepedianum, GiLL, Cat. Fish. Hast Coast, 1861, 55, and elsewhere, and of late 
writers generally. 
Dorysoma cepediana, JORDAN, Man. Vert., 2d Ed., 1878, 279. 
‘Chatoessus insociabilis, ABBOTT, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Phila., 160, 365. 
var. keterurum. 
OClupea heterwurus, RAFINE: QUE, Amer. Monthly Mag., 1818, 304. 
Dorysoma cepediana keterura, JORDAN, Buli. U. 8. Nat. Mus., ix, 1877, 13; Man. Verv., 
2d Ed., 1878, 280, and elsewhere. 
Dorosoma notata, RAFINESQU#, Ich: Oh, 1520, 49, and of some authors. 
Chatoessus ellipticus, KIRTLAND, Rept. Zool, Ohio, 1838, pp. 269, 195.—KirTLAND, Bost. 
Journ. Nat. Hist., iv, 235, pl. 10, fig. 1. 
Description —Body ovate, much compressed, but not greatly elevated, azis of body 
eonsiderably nearer dorsal than ventral ontline; mouth small, inferior, the snout 
rounded ; eye twice the length of snont, 44 in head; length of top of head 33 in dis- 
tance to origin of dorsal; dorsal fin beginning midway between snout and middle of 
base of caudal, the last or filamentous ray being about equal to the length of the 
head and more than twice the base of the fin; pectorals scarcely reachisg ventrals; 14 
in head; ventrals reachiug half way to ana!, 2 1-6 in head; vent about midway be- 
tween snout and tip of caudal; base of anal a little longer than head, three times the 
height of its longest :ay; caudal fin widely forked, the lobes usually unequal, largely 
scaly at base; depth of caucal pedunele half length of head; color bluish above, 
sides silvery, eften with golden reflections; fins plain; young with a large blackish 
blotch on each side behind the heed, over the poector.] fins, this disappearing with 
age; head 4; depth 24; D. 11; A. 30; V. 8; lat. 1. 56; 20 scales from dorsal to ven- 
trals; 17 scutes in front of ventrals, 12 behind. Length 12 to 15 inches. 
Habitat, Atlantic and Gulf coasts of United States from New York to Texas, entering 
streams and often becoming land-locked in ponds. Var. heterwrus, in all large streams 
of the Mississippi Basin, escaped through canals into Lake Michigan and Lake Erie. 
Diagnosis.—This fish may be known by its serrated belly and small, 
toothless mouth, and by the filament on the dorsal fin. | 
Habits.—This species is abundant in the Ohio River. It apparently 
prefers the deeper waters, and seldom ascends the smaller streams. It 
has, however, entered the canals, and specimens are now frequently 
taken in Lake Hrie. Mr. Klippart states that “before the construction 
of the Ohio Canal it was not found anywhere north of the divide, or 
