892 FISHES—SALMONID&. 
GENUS 51. SALMO. Linneus. 
Salmo (artedi), LINNZUs, Systema Nature, 1758. 
Fario, CUVIER and VALENCIENNES, Hist. Nat. Poiss., xxi, 294 (argenteus). 
Salar, CUVIER and VALENCIENNES, Hist. Nat. Poiss , xxi, 319 (fario). 
Trutia, SIEBOLD, Susswasser fische, 319 (fario). 
Type, Salmo salar, L. : 
Etymology, Latin Salmo, a Salmon; from Salio to leap. 
Body elongate, somewhat compressed; mouth large; jaws and tongue toothed as in 
o her genera; vomer flat, its shaft not depressed; a few teeth on the chevron of the 
vomer, behind which is a somewhat irregular single or double series of teeth, which are 
sometimes deciduous with age; teeth on the palatine; scales large or small, 100-200 in 
a longitudinal series; dorsal and anal fins short, of about 11 rays each; caudal fin trun- 
cate, emarginate, or forked, its peduncle comparatively stout; sexual peculiarities var- 
iously developed; the males in typical species with the jaws prolonged and the front 
teeth enlarged, the lower jaw being hooked upwards at the end, and the upper jaw 
emarginate or perforate. In some species these peculiarities are little marked. Species 
of moderate or large size, black-spotted, abounding in the rivers and lakes of Northern 
America, Asia, and Europe, from the Atlantic Pe i one or two species, marine and 
anadromous. 
But one species of this genus occurs in the Atlantic waters of America, the Common 
Marine Salmon of Europe and America. As attempts have been made to introduce this 
species into the waters of Ohio, we give an account of it here. 
100. Samo saLaR Linneus. 
Sea Salmon; Common Salmon. 
Salmo salar, LINNZUS, Syst. NES ERIED 5 GUNTHER, Cat. Fishes Brit. Mus., vi, 1758, 2, and 
of nearly all authors. 
Salmo sebago, GIRARD, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1853, 3&0, a local variety. land: locked 
in the lakes of Maine. 
Salmo glovert, GIRARD, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1854, &5, young or parr-form. 
Body moderately elongate, symmetrical, not greatly compressed; head rather low; 
mouth moderate, the maxillary reaching just past the eye, its length 24-3 in head; in 
young specimens (parrs) the maxillary is proportionately shorter; preoperculum with 
a distinct lower limb, the angle rounded; scales comparatively large, rather largest 
posteriorly, silvery and well imbricated in the young, becoming imbedded in adult males ; 
vomerine teeth little developed, those on the shaft of the bone few and deciduous };-. 
scales large (lat. 1. 120); caudal fia well forked, truncate in old individuals; no hyoid 
teeth ; sexual differences strong; breeding males with the lower jaw hooked upwards, 
the upper jaw emarginate or perforate to receive its tip ; coloration in the adult brown- 
ish above, the sides more or less silvery, with numerous black spots on sides of head, 
on body, and on fins, and numerous red patches along the sides in the males; young 
specimens (parrs) with about 11 dusky cross-bars, besides black spots and red patches, 
the color, as well as the form of the head and body, varying much with age, food, and 
condition ; the black spots in the adult often X shaped, or XX shaped; head 4; depth 
4; B.i1; D.11; A. 9; scales 23-120-21; vertebrae 60; pyloric ceca about 65. 
