902 FISHES—-CYPRINODONTIDA. 
CHOLOGASTER AGASSIZI Putnam. 
Chologaster agassizi, PUTNAM, Amer. Nat., 1872, 30, Mammoth Cave.—JORDAN, Man. 
Vert., etc, 
Description. —Uniform light brown; fins pormearHat sifgckled ; head four in body, its 
length scarcely greater than the preateat depth; pectorals reaching little more than 
half way to front of dorsal; D.9; A.9. Length, 14 inches. 
Habitat, subterranean streams in Tennessee, Kentucky, and Southern Illinois. 
JIN MII NEE OY Se (Oe dees INOW Of AN UID) Ao, AN Isle; 
CYPRINODONTS. 
Body oblong or moderately elongate, compressed behind, depressed forwards, covered 
with rather large cycloid scales, which are adherent and regularly arranged ; no lateral 
line; head scaly, at least above; mouth terminal, small, the lower jaw usually project- 
ing ; margin of the upper jaw formed by the premaxillaries only ; premaxillaries strong, 
extremely protractile; teeth incisor-like or villiform, sometimes present on the vomer, 
but usually in the jaws only : lower pharyngeals separate, with cardiform teeth ; gill- 
membranes somewhat connected, free from isthmus; gill-rakers very short and thick; 
branchiostegals 4-6; pseudobranchiz none; dorsal fin single, inserted posteriorly, of 
soft rays only, rarely with a single spine or rudimentary spinous dorsal; caudal fin 
not forked ; ventral fins abdominal, rarely wanting ; pectoral fins inserted low; no 
adipose fin; stomach not cecal, without pyloric appendages; air- bladder simple, often 
wanting, Sexes usually unlike, the fins being largest in the males. Most all are ovo- 
viviparous, the young well developed at time of birth. Fresh-water fishes of Southern 
Europe, Asia, Africa, and’ America, some of them occurring in bays and arms of the sea. 
They are mostly of small size, and the species are very difficult of determination. 
Genera 30; species about 140. 
ANALYSIS OF GENERA OF CYPRINODONTIDA. 
a. Dorsal fin beginning in advance of anal. : A 5 0 FUNDULUS. 55. 
aa. Dorsal fin beginning behind origin of anal. : : : ZYGONECTES. 56. 
Genus 55. FUNDULUS. Lacepede. 
Fundulus, LACEPEDE, Hist. Nat. dés Poissons, v, 1803, 37. 
Hydrargyra, LACEPEDE, Hist. Nat. Poiss., v, 1803, 378 (swampinus). 
Xenisma, JORDAN, Ann. Lyc. Nat. Hist. N. Y., 1676, 322 (stellifer). 
Adinia, GIRARD, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci, Phila., 1859, 117 (multifasciaia), 
Type, Fundulus mudfish, Lac. = Cobitio heteroclitus L. 
Etymology, Latin, fundus, the bottom, in‘allusion to the supposed mud-loving habits. 
Body rather elongate, little elevated, compressed behind; mouth moderate; jaws, 
each with two or more series of pointed teeth, usually forming a narrow band ; bones of 
the mandible firmly united; scales moderate; branchiostegals 4 to 6; preopercle, pre- 
orbital, and mandible with mucous pores; dorsal and anal fins similar, moderately 
developed or rather large, the dorsal usually inserted in front of the anal; ventrals well 
developed ; air bladder presez t; sexes differing in color, size, and development of the 
fins, the anal fia in the male normai; intestinal canal short; species very numerous, 
mostly American, inhabiting fresh waters and arms of the sea, They are the largest i in 
size of the Cyprinodonts, and some of them are very brightly colored. 
