954 FISHES—SERRANIDA, 
spines, not cavernous; no suborbital stay; dorsal fin variously developed, continuous 
or divided, the spines stiff; anal fin rather short, with 3 spines, which are rarely obso- 
lete; ventrals separate, thoracic, I, 5; pectorals well developed; caudal fin truncate, 
rounded, or moderately forked, its peduncle stout and not keeled ; vertebra about 25; air- 
bladder present, usually rathersmall, and adherent to the walls of the abdomen; intestinal 
canal short, with several or many pyloric ceca; the stomach cecal. Genera 40; species 
about 300, and found in all warm seas, a few in fresh waters. 
is 
ANALYSIS OF GENERA OF SERRANIDZ. 
a, Dorsal spines ten; anal spines three; branchiostegals seven; teeth all villiform, 
without canines, present on jaws, vomer, palatines, and tongue; no supplemental 
maxillary bone. 6 : 5 6 6 6 5 5 : Roccus. 68.: 
GENUS 68. ROCCUS. Mitchill. 
Morone, MiITCHILL, Report in part on Fishes N. Y., 1814 (in part; a mongrel group com- 
posed of species of Perca, Roccus, and Hupomotis wronge, supposed to differ from 
Perca in having abdominal ventrals. The name may be properly considered as a 
synonym of Perca.). 
Roccus, MiTCcHILL, Report in part on the Fishes of N. Y., 1814, 25. 
Lepibema labrax, RAFINESQUE, Ich Oh., 1820, 23. 
Roccus and Morone, GiLu, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., iii, 1860. 
Labrax, CUVIER, Regne Animal, ii, 1817 (not of Pallas, 1811.). 
Type, Roceus striatus, Mitchill = Sciena lineata, Bloch. 
Etymology, Rock-fish, a barbarous latinization of the common name ‘ Rock,” applied 
by fishermen to Roccus lineatus. 
Description.—Body obleng or ovate, compressed and more or less elevated; head con- 
ical, scaly above and on sides; mouth nearly horizontal; the jaws equal or the lower pro- 
jecting ; premaxillaries protractile; maxillaries large, without sapplemental bone, only 
the edge of the anterior part slipping under the preorbital; teeth al! villiform, in bands 
on jaws, vomer, palatines, and tongue; ese large, orbital ridge a little elevated; pre- 
opercle serrate behind and below, the teeth of its lower margin sometimes enlarged; 
opercle with two flat spines; preorbital narrow; pseudobranchix large; scales large; 
breast scaly ; dorsal fias separate or connected at base, the anterior with 9 strong spines; 
anal spines well developed; caudal fin lunate; pectorals small; species about 6, in 
America and Europe, inhabiting both fresh and salt waters. 
ANALYSIS OF SPECIES OF ROGCUS. 
a. Serre on lower edge of preopercle small, not directed forwards. 
b. Teeth on base of tongue; anal spines graduated; lower jaw projecting ; scales 
on cheeks almost cycloid; dorsal fins separate. 
ce. Teeth at base of tongue in a single patch; body oblong, compressed (Lepi- 
bema, Rafinesque). j : 6 5 0 : ; : CHRYSOPS. 
bb. No teeth on base of tongue; second anal spine enlarged ; jaws equal; scales 
on cheeks ctenoid; dorsal fins somewhat connected (Morone, Gill). 
d. Sides striped with black. 6 : 6 ‘ : 5 INTERRUPTUS. 
