962 FISHES—PEROCID A. 
Habitat, St. Lawrence River, Great Lake Region, Upper Mississippi, and Upper Mis- 
souri rivers; also in the Ohio, where it has been introduced from the lakes, through the 
canals, according to the fishermen. 
Dixgnosis.—The different form and coloration, particularly the mark- 
ings of the dorsal fin, distinguish this species at once from Stizostediwm 
vitreum. This species has, moreover, always fewer dorsal rays, more 
scaly cheeks, and permanent armature of the operculum. 
Remarks.—In comparing saugers from widely separated localities cer- 
tain differences appear, which are perhaps sufficiently constant to indi- 
cate distinct varieties. Of these, three are perhaps worthy to be desig- 
nated by name. The above description was drawn from the common 
Sauger or Sand Pike of the lakes (Lucioperca grisea, DeKay), which should 
bear the name of Stizostediwm canadense, var. grisewum. The Sauger or 
Pickering of the St. Lawrence was the original Lucioperca canadensis of 
Col. C. H. Smith. It should, therefore, be the typical variety, canadensis. 
Its head is rougher and more closely scaled, and the number of spinous 
points on the opercle is greater. The “Sand Pike” of the Upper Mis- 
souri averages rather slender, with a long, slenderer nose, and more flat- 
tened and snake-like head. This is the Luctoperca borea of Dr. Girard, 
and may be called var. boreum, if the differences here noted prove at 
all constant. 
Habits. —The Sauger never reaches a large size, the largest I have seen 
being from fifteen to eighteen inches in length. It is abundant every- 
where in the Great Lakes, and is valued as food, although less highly 
rated than its relative, the Pike-Perch. 
It is plentiful in the Ohio River, where it is probably indigenous, al- 
though some claim that it has been introduced there through the 
canals. 
131. SvizosteTHiuM viTREUM (Mitchill) Jordan and Copeland. 
! var. Vitrewm. 
Wall-eyed Pike; Glass Eye; Dory; Saimon; Pike-Perch; OXow; 
Hornfish; Green Pike; WVellow Pike; Jack; Jack Salmon. 
Perca vitrea, MITCHILL, Supplement Am. Monthly Mag, ii, 1818, 247 (Cayuga Lake). 
Stizostedium vitreum, JORDAN and COPELAND, Check List N. Am. Fresh Water Fishes, 
Ball. Buff. Soc. Nat. Hist., 1876, 136. 
Stizostethium vitreum, JORDAN, Ann. N. Y. Lye, Nat. Hist., 18775; in Kipoaets Rep. Fish 
Commr. Ohio, 1877; Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., 1877; Man. Vert., 2d Ed., 1878. 
Lucioperca americana, Cuv. and VAL., ii, 1829, 122.—RICcHARDSON, Fauna, Bor.-Amer., 
ili, 1836, 10.—KIRTLAND, Zool. Ohio, 1838, 192; Bost. Journ. Nat. Hist., iv, 237.—- 
THOMPSON, Hist. Vt., 1842, 130.—DEKay, Zool. N. Y. Fishes, 1842, 17.—STOoRER, Syn- 
