974. FISHES—PEROID &. 
Habits —Nothing distinctive is known of the habits. The peculiar, 
enlarged caducous scales of the belly reach a larger development in this 
fish than in any other. 
144. Atvorpius EvIDES Jordan and Copeland, 
Gilded Darter. 
Etheostoma evides, JORDAN and COPELAND, MSS. in Nelson Bull. Ills. Mus. Nat. Hist., 
1876, 36. 
Alvordius evides, JORDAN and COPELAND, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1877, 51. 
Hricosma evides, JORDAN, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., x, 1877; Man. Vert., 2d Ed., 1878, 221, 
and elsewhere. 
Description.—Body moderate, somewhat compressed ; head heavy, the profile rather 
convex; eye rather large, high, 34 in head; mouth moderate, somewhat oblique, the 
lower jaw included; maxillary reaching front of eye; cheeks, neck above, and throat 
naked; opercles with rather large scales; ventral plates little eplarged; fins large; 
second dorsal lower than anal, but with longer base; coloration extremely brilliant; 
dark olivaceous above, tessellated with dark; sides with about seven broad transverse 
bars extending from below the lateral line on one side across the back and down the 
other side; these bars are wider than the eye, and are connected along the lateral line 
by a faint black stripe; in the female these bars are black and the intervening spaces 
yellowish; in the male the bars are of a dark, rich blue-green, with metallic luster; the 
connecting longitudinal line greenish bronze; just above this line is a luminous yellow- 
ish streak, and above in each of the interspaces between the bars is a bright blotch of 
bronze-red ; entire lower parts of the body of a bright clear yellow, which becomes on 
the under side of the head, throat, and branchiostegals a bright orange-red ; blackish 
green streaks downward and forward from eye; cheeks orange-red, the color of iron 
rust; dorsal fin orange-colored, with a bright, bronze edge, a blackish spot on the last 
rays; second dorsa! and caudal pale orange ; two luminous spots at base of caudal ; anal 
bronze, with a blue-black shading; ventral fins dark blue-black; pectorals faintly 
orange; males with the rays of the ventral and anal fins covered with small corneous 
tubercles, exactly as in some Cyprinide; female and alcoholic specimens show little of 
the bright colors, although the same pattern is preserved; the dorsal has a dusky spot 
on its posterior rays, and the fins are destitute of the dark bars found in the other 
species of Alvordius; head 44; depth 53; D. XI, 10; A. II, 8; scales 9-63-9. Length 
24 inches. 
Habitat. Thus far taken only in White River, in Central Indiana. 
-Habits.—It frequents clear and rapid waters. It is one of the most 
brilliantly colored of all our fishes. 
GENUS 78. NANOSTOMA. Puatnam. 
Nanostoma, PuTNAM, MSS.; JORDAN, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., x, 1877, 6. 
Type, Pecilichthys zonalis, COPE. 
Etymology, nanos, small; stoma, mouth. 
Body fusiform, not greatly compressed ; mouth small, subinferior, the premaxillaries 
