976 FISHES—PERCIDA. 
Body not greatly elongate, usually compressed; head moderate, snout decurved 
over a moderate sized sub-terminal mouth, which is horizontal or slightly oblique; 
scales various, usually rather large, the lateral line continuous; gill-membranes nearly 
separate; fins all large, the spinous dorsal usually rather larger than tho second, 
the base of the second dorsal longer than that of the anal; upper jaw not protractile; 
teeth feeble, usually not appreciable on the palatines and very feeble on the vomer; 
species of moderate size, among the most beautiful of all fishes. This genus differs from 
Pecilichihys only in having the lateral line complete. 
147. NorHonorus caMurus (Cope) Jordan. 
Biue-breasted Darter. 
Pacilichthys camurus, CoPpE, Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc. Phila., 1870, 262, 265. 
Nothonotus camurus, JORDAN, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., x, 1877, 16.—JorRDAN, Man. Vert., 2d 
Kd., 1878, 225, and elsewhere. ( 
Description.—Body stout; head short; muzzle abruptly decurved, the mouth some- 
what inferior; lower jaw included; males very dark olive or blackish, with an obscure 
band of a paler shade; belly paler; breast and throat deep rich blue; sides profusely 
sprinkled with crimson dots, like a brook trout; these spots sometimes arranged in short 
longitudinal series of threes and fours; series of olivaceous lines along the rows of 
scales; first dorsal with a black spot at Base in front and a crimson one on the margin 
between the first and second rays; second dorsal, caudal, and anal crimson, bordered 
with yellow, which again is bordered with black or dark-blue on the édge of the fin; 
the crimson is deepest next the yellow; pectoral and ventral fins with a broad, 
red margin; females less distinctly marked, olivaceous, somewhat barred; head 4; 
depth 44; D. XI, 13; A. II, 8; scales 7-53-8. Length 24 inches. 
Habitat, Ohio Valley, Cumberland River, Tennessee; White River, Indiana; Mahon- 
ing River, Ohio; French Creek, Pennsylvania. Not abundant. 
Habits——This species is one of the most brilliant and delicate of all 
our fishes. It is found in clear, cold streams, and thus far nowhere in 
great abundance. Professor Cope remarks concerning this species and 
others discovered by him. 
‘¢ All of the above species lie on the bottom, frequently beneath stones, with the head 
only projecting, on the lookout for prey. Ordinarily they lie motionless, except occa- 
sionally inclining their position and exhibiting their gorgeous colors. The effect of 
this is heightened by the crystal clearness of the waters of the Southern mountain 
streams, which reflect as well the beauty of a Southern sky and the noble trees and 
flowering shrubs that border them in the rich wilderness of the Cumberland Range. 
Few more attractive spots to the naturalist can be found, aud among its natural treas- 
ures these peculiar little fishes are among the most curious. All the fishes of this group 
can turn the head from side to side, and they frequently lie in a curved position or par- 
tially on one side of the body.” i 
148. NorHonotus MAcULATUs (Kirtland) Agassiz. 
Etheostoma maculatum, KIRTLAND, Bost. Journ. Nat. Hist., ili, 1840, 276, pl. ii, fig. 3. 
Nothonotus maculatus, AGASSIZ, Bull. Mus. Comp. so i, 1863, 3.—JORDAN, Man. Vert 
2d Ed., 1878, 225. 
