STRATIGRAPHICAL ORDER. 49 
“The coal seams enumerated in the above sketch are supposed 
to be | 
INCOM eee eee eS eae ERG eset eat dee seine Melioas<Aeivesesestinscvacsesigadeas Creek 
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INO MOA oee eae eee recios aclu ieicecciicee lence scidsbioveinscsureeeeae davedeniccees Roger 
TS Cas Beseatalde no cachebcicocecno seni e iG OnocCe aca OE ER CEC Cor C LER eer Erne yam Big 
UNSURE Se Siecle eens ssnisiais oe Ne tiAe ass slate eMed sisecee eas eilss teense Groff. 
of our lower grout: of coals.” 
Two sections, taken respectively near the mouth of the creek and at 
Hammondsville, exhibit these facts, Fig. XIII: 
By comparing the sections in Fig. XIII, with the general section 
of Lawrence county, Penn., Fig. II, or with the actual sections at New 
Brighton and Smith’s Ferry, Figs. [1 and LV, it will be seen that they 
are in sufficiently close accord, and interpretation would be superfluous. 
At the mouth of Yellow Creek, we are nearly due south of the 
point at which our sections were begun. ‘The distance is about 33 
miles. In the horizontal section, Fig. XIV, the connections and con- 
tinuity of the seams as now described are roughly represented. The 
low arches that traverse the series at several points are not accurately 
indicated in the section, except as the varying dip may suggest their 
locations. The numbers used to designate the several elements, have 
nothing to do with any system of numbering or designating the coal 
seams. 
THE STEUBENVILLE SHAFT COAL. 
From the mouth of Yellow Creek, a line of sections along the hills 
that border the Ohio Valley carries us to Steubenville. The sections can 
be followed on the appended sketch map of Jefferson county. The distance 
is 17 miles; the direction a trifle east of south. The prevailing dip is 
to the southward, but the region is traversed by one or more low folds, 
which produce some irregularity in this respect, a strong, westerly ele- 
ment showing at one point. 
For the most part the sections are easy to interpret and free from 
ambiguity and question. The Lower Kittanning coal with its heavy 
and valuable bed of clay, makes an easily recognized base for most of 
them. The clay is the basis of a very extensive and thriving business 
in the manufacture of fire brick, sewer-pipe and terra-cotta ware, which 
4 G. 
